Abstract: Hyperlipidemia is a disorder of lipid metabolism, which is a major cause of coronary heart disease. Although there has been considerable progress in hyperlipidemia treatment, morbidity and risk associated with the condition continue to rise. The first-line treatment for hyperlipidemia, statins, has multiple side effects; therefore, development of safe and effective drugs from natural products to prevent and treat hyperlipidemia is necessary. Diosgenin is primarily derived from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds, and is also abundant in medicinal herbs such as Dioscorea rhizome, Dioscorea septemloba, and Rhizoma polygonati, is a well-known steroidal sapogenin and the active ingredient in many drugs to treat cardiovascular conditions. There is abundant evidence that diosgenin has potential for application in correcting lipid metabolism disorders. In this review, we evaluated the latest evidence related to diosgenin and hyperlipidemia from clinical and animal studies. Additionally, we elaborate the pharmacological mechanism underlying the activity of diosgenin in treating hyperlipidemia in detail, including its role in inhibition of intestinal absorption of lipids, regulation of cholesterol transport, promotion of cholesterol conversion into bile acid and its excretion, inhibition of endogenous lipid biosynthesis, antioxidation and lipoprotein lipase activity, and regulation of transcription factors related to lipid metabolism. This review provides a deep exploration of the pharmacological mechanisms involved in diosgenin-hyperlipidemia interactions and suggests potential routes for the development of novel drug therapies for hyperlipidemia.

Keywords: diosgenin, hyperlipidemia, serum cholesterol, lipoprotein cholesterol, mechanism


中文翻译：

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薯蓣皂苷元对低脂血症的影响及其潜在机制：综述

【摘要】：高脂血症是一种脂质代谢紊乱,是导致冠心病的主要原因。尽管在高脂血症治疗方面取得了相当大的进展，但与该病症相关的发病率和风险仍在继续上升。高脂血症的一线治疗，他汀类药物，副作用多；因此，从天然产物中开发安全有效的药物来预防和治疗高脂血症是必要的。薯蓣皂苷元主要来源于胡芦巴（Trigonella foenum graecum）种子，在薯蓣、薯蓣、玉竹等药材中含量也很丰富。, 是一种众所周知的甾体皂苷元，也是许多治疗心血管疾病药物的活性成分。有大量证据表明薯蓣皂苷元具有纠正脂质代谢紊乱的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们评估了临床和动物研究中与薯蓣皂苷元和高脂血症相关的最新证据。此外，我们详细阐述了薯蓣皂苷元治疗高脂血症的药理作用机制，包括抑制肠道对脂质的吸收、调节胆固醇转运、促进胆固醇转化为胆汁酸及其排泄、抑制内源性脂质生物合成等作用。 、抗氧化和脂蛋白脂肪酶活性，以及​​与脂质代谢相关的转录因子的调节。

关键词：薯蓣皂苷元，高脂血症，血清胆固醇，脂蛋白胆固醇，机制