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Can a liquid drop on a substrate be in equilibrium with saturated vapor?
Physical Review E ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-15 , DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.l032103 E S Benilov 1
Physical Review E ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-15 , DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.l032103 E S Benilov 1
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It is well known that liquid and saturated vapor, separated by a flat interface in an unbounded space, are in equilibrium. One would similarly expect a liquid drop, sitting on a flat substrate, to be in equilibrium with the vapor surrounding it. Yet, it is not: as shown in this work, the drop evaporates. Mathematically, this conclusion is deduced using the diffuse-interface model, but it is also reformulated in terms of the maximum-entropy principle, suggesting model independence. Physically, evaporation of drops is due to the so-called Kelvin effect, which gives rise to a liquid-to-vapor mass flux if the boundary of the liquid phase is convex.
中文翻译：
基板上的液滴可以与饱和蒸汽平衡吗？
众所周知，液体和饱和蒸汽在无界空间中被平面界面分开，处于平衡状态。人们同样会期望位于平坦基底上的液滴与周围的蒸汽处于平衡状态。然而，事实并非如此：如本作品所示，液滴蒸发了。在数学上，这个结论是使用漫反射界面模型推导出来的，但它也根据最大熵原理重新表述，表明模型独立。从物理上讲，液滴的蒸发是由于所谓的开尔文效应，如果液相的边界是凸面，就会产生液体到蒸汽的质量通量。
更新日期：2021-09-15
中文翻译：
基板上的液滴可以与饱和蒸汽平衡吗？
众所周知，液体和饱和蒸汽在无界空间中被平面界面分开，处于平衡状态。人们同样会期望位于平坦基底上的液滴与周围的蒸汽处于平衡状态。然而，事实并非如此：如本作品所示，液滴蒸发了。在数学上，这个结论是使用漫反射界面模型推导出来的，但它也根据最大熵原理重新表述，表明模型独立。从物理上讲，液滴的蒸发是由于所谓的开尔文效应，如果液相的边界是凸面，就会产生液体到蒸汽的质量通量。
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