Near-/supercritical water (N/SCW) is a green and excellent medium for extracting and upgrading heavy oil from oil-based drill cuttings (OBDC). In order to improve the quality of recovered oil, five typical industrial wastes were adopted as the costless addictives, namely municipal sewage sludge (MSS), zinc-rich electroplating sludge (Zn-EPS), nickel-rich electroplating sludge (Ni-EPS), red mud (RM) and hot steaming steel slag (HSSS). The results indicate that the MSS deteriorates the recovered oil because the inferior bio-diesel was generated from the organics of MSS. The others exhibit positive effects more or less due to their dual functions of absorption and catalysis. The active components were found to be mainly metallic oxides in RM, ferrite in HSSS and metal hydroxides in EPS, respectively. Of which, the dehydration of metal hydroxides plays an important role in the N/SCW upgrading reactions, i.e., in-situ formation of high active compounds of ferrite and metallic oxides, and micro-mixing well with OBDC. In summary, the catalytic activity of tested industrial wastes was found to be in an order of Ni-EPS > Zn-EPS > HSSS > RM. High quality oil with zero asphaltene and extremely low heteroatom was obtained by N/SCW upgrading of OBDC with the addition of EPS. This study provides an alternative process for the sustainable and cleaner co-treatment of OBDC and various industrial wastes, and the obtained information is also helpful for the catalyst development of hydrothermal upgrading technology.

近/超临界水 (N/SCW) 是一种绿色且优良的介质，用于从油基钻屑 (OBDC) 中提取和升级重油。为了提高回收油的质量，采用五种典型工业废物作为无成本添加剂，即城市污水污泥（MSS）、富锌电镀污泥（Zn-EPS）、富镍电镀污泥（Ni-EPS） 、赤泥（RM）和热蒸钢渣（HSSS）。结果表明，MSS 使回收的油变质，因为 MSS 的有机物产生了劣质生物柴油。由于其吸收和催化的双重功能，其他的或多或少表现出积极的效果。发现活性成分分别是 RM 中的金属氧化物、HSSS 中的铁氧体和 EPS 中的金属氢氧化物。其中，金属氢氧化物的脱水在 N/SCW 升级反应中起着重要作用，即原位形成铁氧体和金属氧化物的高活性化合物，并与 OBDC 微混合。综上所述，被测工业废物的催化活性顺序为 Ni-EPS > Zn-EPS > HSSS > RM。通过加入EPS对OBDC进行N/SCW升级，获得了零沥青质和极低杂原子的优质油。该研究为OBDC与各种工业废弃物的可持续和清洁协同处理提供了一种替代工艺，所获得的信息也有助于水热升级技术的催化剂开发。并与 OBDC 微混合。综上所述，被测工业废物的催化活性顺序为 Ni-EPS > Zn-EPS > HSSS > RM。通过加入EPS对OBDC进行N/SCW升级，获得了零沥青质和极低杂原子的优质油。该研究为OBDC与各种工业废弃物的可持续和清洁协同处理提供了一种替代工艺，所获得的信息也有助于水热升级技术的催化剂开发。并与 OBDC 微混合。综上所述，被测工业废物的催化活性顺序为 Ni-EPS > Zn-EPS > HSSS > RM。通过加入EPS对OBDC进行N/SCW升级，获得了零沥青质和极低杂原子的优质油。该研究为OBDC与各种工业废弃物的可持续和清洁协同处理提供了一种替代工艺，所获得的信息也有助于水热升级技术的催化剂开发。