The dried stem bark of Berberis kansuensis is a commonly used Tibetan herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Its main chemical components are alkaloids, such as berberine, magnoflorine and jatrorrhizine. However, the role of gut microbiota in the in vivo metabolism of these chemical components has not been fully elucidated. In this study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography method coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) technology was applied to detect and identify prototype components and metabolites in rat intestinal contents and serum samples after oral administration of a B. kansuensis extract. A total of 16 prototype components and 40 metabolites were identified. The primary metabolic pathways of the chemical components from B. kansuensis extract were demethylation, desaturation, deglycosylation, reduction, hydroxylation, and other conjugation reactions including sulfation, glucuronidation, glycosidation, and methylation. By comparing the differences of metabolites between diabetic and pseudo-germ-free diabetic rats, we found that the metabolic transformation of some chemical components in B. kansuensis extract such as bufotenin, ferulic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, magnoflorine, and 8-oxyberberine, was affected by the gut microbiota. The results revealed that the gut microbiota can affect the metabolic transformation of chemical constituents in B. kansuensis extract. These findings can enhance our understanding of the active ingredients of B. kansuensis extract and the key role of the gut microbiota on them.

中文翻译：

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基于UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS技术的肠道菌群对甘肃小檗提取物化学成分代谢的影响

甘肃小檗干皮是治疗糖尿病的常用藏药。其主要化学成分为生物碱，如黄连素、木兰花碱和药根碱。然而，肠道微生物群在这些化学成分的体内代谢中的作用尚未完全阐明。本研究采用超高效液相色谱法结合 Orbitrap 质谱 (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) 技术检测和鉴定口服甘肃双歧杆菌后大鼠肠道内容物和血清样品中的原型成分和代谢物。提炼。共鉴定出 16 种原型成分和 40 种代谢物。B. kansuensis 提取物中化学成分的主要代谢途径是去甲基化、去饱和、去糖基化、还原、羟基化和其他共轭反应，包括硫酸化、葡萄糖醛酸化、糖苷化和甲基化。通过比较糖尿病大鼠和假无菌糖尿病大鼠代谢产物的差异，我们发现甘肃双歧杆菌提取物中一些化学成分的代谢转化，如蟾毒素、阿魏酸4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、木兰素、和 8-氧小檗碱，受肠道微生物群的影响。结果表明，肠道菌群可以影响甘肃双歧杆菌提取物中化学成分的代谢转化。这些发现可以增强我们对甘肃双歧杆菌提取物的活性成分以及肠道微生物群对它们的关键作用的理解。通过比较糖尿病大鼠和假无菌糖尿病大鼠代谢产物的差异，我们发现甘肃双歧杆菌提取物中一些化学成分的代谢转化，如蟾毒素、阿魏酸4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、木兰素、和 8-氧小檗碱，受肠道微生物群的影响。结果表明，肠道菌群可以影响甘肃双歧杆菌提取物中化学成分的代谢转化。这些发现可以增强我们对甘肃双歧杆菌提取物的活性成分以及肠道微生物群对它们的关键作用的理解。通过比较糖尿病大鼠和假无菌糖尿病大鼠代谢产物的差异，我们发现甘肃双歧杆菌提取物中一些化学成分的代谢转化，如蟾毒素、阿魏酸4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、木兰素、和 8-氧小檗碱，受肠道微生物群的影响。结果表明，肠道菌群可以影响甘肃双歧杆菌提取物中化学成分的代谢转化。这些发现可以增强我们对甘肃双歧杆菌提取物的活性成分以及肠道微生物群对它们的关键作用的理解。和 8-氧小檗碱，受肠道微生物群的影响。结果表明，肠道菌群可以影响甘肃双歧杆菌提取物中化学成分的代谢转化。这些发现可以增强我们对甘肃双歧杆菌提取物的活性成分以及肠道微生物群对它们的关键作用的理解。和 8-氧小檗碱，受肠道微生物群的影响。结果表明，肠道菌群可以影响甘肃双歧杆菌提取物中化学成分的代谢转化。这些发现可以增强我们对甘肃双歧杆菌提取物的活性成分以及肠道微生物群对它们的关键作用的理解。