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Interleukins 4 and 13 drive lipid abnormalities in skin cells through regulation of sex steroid hormone synthesis [Immunology and Inflammation]
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 9.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-21 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2100749118
Chenlu Zhang 1 , Mahendran Chinnappan 1 , Courtney A Prestwood 1 , Marshall Edwards 1 , Methinee Artami 1 , Bonne M Thompson 2 , Kaitlyn M Eckert 2 , Goncalo Vale 2, 3 , Christos C Zouboulis 4 , Jeffrey G McDonald 2, 3 , Tamia A Harris-Tryon 5, 6
Affiliation  

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by skin dryness, inflammation, and itch. A major hallmark of AD is an elevation of the immune cytokines IL-4 and IL-13. These cytokines lead to skin barrier disruption and lipid abnormalities in AD, yet the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Sebaceous glands are specialized sebum-producing epithelial cells that promote skin barrier function by releasing lipids and antimicrobial proteins to the skin surface. Here, we show that in AD, IL-4 and IL-13 stimulate the expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (HSD3B1), a key rate-limiting enzyme in sex steroid hormone synthesis, predominantly expressed by sebaceous glands in human skin. HSD3B1 enhances androgen production in sebocytes, and IL-4 and IL-13 drive lipid abnormalities in human sebocytes and keratinocytes through HSD3B1. Consistent with our findings in cells, HSD3B1 expression is elevated in the skin of AD patients and can be restored by treatment with the IL-4Rα monoclonal antibody, Dupilumab. Androgens are also elevated in a mouse model of AD, though the mechanism in mice remains unclear. Our findings illuminate a connection between type 2 immunity and sex steroid hormone synthesis in the skin and suggest that abnormalities in sex steroid hormone synthesis may underlie the disrupted skin barrier in AD. Furthermore, targeting sex steroid hormone synthesis pathways may be a therapeutic avenue to restoring normal skin barrier function in AD patients.



中文翻译:

白细胞介素 4 和 13 通过调节性类固醇激素合成来驱动皮肤细胞中的脂质异常 [免疫学和炎症]

特应性皮炎(AD)是一种以皮肤干燥、炎症和瘙痒为特征的慢性炎症性皮肤病。AD的一个主要标志是免疫细胞因子IL-4和IL-13的升高。这些细胞因子导致 AD 中的皮肤屏障破坏和脂质异常,但其潜在机制尚不清楚。皮脂腺是专门产生皮脂的上皮细胞,通过向皮肤表面释放脂质和抗菌蛋白来促进皮肤屏障功能。在这里,我们显示在 AD 中,IL-4 和 IL-13 刺激 3β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶 1 (HSD3B1) 的表达,这是性类固醇激素合成中的关键限速酶,主要由人体皮肤的皮脂腺表达。HSD3B1 增强皮脂腺细胞中的雄激素产生,IL-4 和 IL-13 通过 HSD3B1 驱动人类皮脂细胞和角质形成细胞的脂质异常。与我们在细胞中的发现一致,HSD3B1 表达在 AD 患者的皮肤中升高,并且可以通过用 IL-4Rα 单克隆抗体 Dupilumab 治疗来恢复。雄激素在 AD 小鼠模型中也升高,尽管小鼠中的机制仍不清楚。我们的研究结果阐明了 2 型免疫与皮肤中性类固醇激素合成之间的联系,并表明性类固醇激素合成异常可能是 AD 中皮肤屏障受损的基础。此外,靶向性类固醇激素合成途径可能是恢复 AD 患者正常皮肤屏障功能的治疗途径。HSD3B1 表达在 AD 患者的皮肤中升高,并且可以通过用 IL-4Rα 单克隆抗体 Dupilumab 治疗来恢复。雄激素在 AD 小鼠模型中也升高,尽管小鼠中的机制仍不清楚。我们的研究结果阐明了 2 型免疫与皮肤中性类固醇激素合成之间的联系,并表明性类固醇激素合成异常可能是 AD 中皮肤屏障受损的基础。此外,靶向性类固醇激素合成途径可能是恢复 AD 患者正常皮肤屏障功能的治疗途径。HSD3B1 表达在 AD 患者的皮肤中升高,并且可以通过用 IL-4Rα 单克隆抗体 Dupilumab 治疗来恢复。雄激素在 AD 小鼠模型中也升高,尽管小鼠中的机制仍不清楚。我们的研究结果阐明了 2 型免疫与皮肤中性类固醇激素合成之间的联系,并表明性类固醇激素合成异常可能是 AD 中皮肤屏障受损的基础。此外,靶向性类固醇激素合成途径可能是恢复 AD 患者正常皮肤屏障功能的治疗途径。我们的研究结果阐明了 2 型免疫与皮肤中性类固醇激素合成之间的联系,并表明性类固醇激素合成异常可能是 AD 中皮肤屏障受损的基础。此外,靶向性类固醇激素合成途径可能是恢复 AD 患者正常皮肤屏障功能的治疗途径。我们的研究结果阐明了 2 型免疫与皮肤中性类固醇激素合成之间的联系,并表明性类固醇激素合成异常可能是 AD 中皮肤屏障受损的基础。此外,靶向性类固醇激素合成途径可能是恢复 AD 患者正常皮肤屏障功能的治疗途径。

更新日期:2021-09-15
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