Background Cardiooncology is a relatively new subspeciality, investigating the side effects of cytoreductive therapies on the cardiovascular (CV) system. Gender differences are well known in oncological and CV diseases, but are less elucidated in cardiooncological collectives. Methods Five hundred and fifty-one patients (278 male, 273 female) with diagnosed cancer who underwent regular cardiological surveillance were enrolled in the ‘MAnnheim Registry for CardioOncology’ and followed over a median of 41 (95% confidence interval: 40–43) months. Results Female patients were younger at the time of first cancer diagnosis [median 60 (range 50–70) vs. 66 (55–75), P = 0.0004], while the most common tumour was breast cancer (49.8%). Hyperlipidaemia was more often present in female patients (37% vs. 25%, P = 0.001). Male patients had a higher cancer susceptibility than female patients. They suffered more often from hypertension (51% vs. 67%, P = 0.0002) or diabetes (14% vs. 21%, P = 0.02) and revealed more often vitamin D deficiency [(U/l) median 26.0 (range 17–38) vs. 16 (9–25), P = 0.002] and anaemia [(g/dl) median 11.8 (range 10.4–12.9) vs. 11.7 (9.6–13.6), P = 0.51]. During follow-up, 140 patients died (male 77, female 63; P = 0.21). An increased mortality rate was observed in male patients (11.4% vs. 14%, P = 0.89), with even higher mortality rates of up to 18.9% vs. 7.7% (P = 0.02) considering tumours that can affect both sexes compared. Conclusions Although female patients were younger at the time of first cancer diagnosis, male patients had both higher cancer susceptibility and an increased mortality risk. Concomitant CV diseases were more common in male patients.

中文翻译：

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心脏病学中的性别问题

背景 心脏病学是一个相对较新的专科，研究细胞减灭疗法对心血管 (CV) 系统的副作用。性别差异在肿瘤和心血管疾病中是众所周知的，但在心脏病学集体中却不太清楚。方法 551 名确诊为癌症并接受定期心脏监测的患者（278 名男性，273 名女性）被纳入“曼海姆心脏肿瘤登记处”，中位随访时间超过 41 人（95% 置信区间：40-43）个月。结果女性患者在第一次癌症诊断时更年轻[中位数 60（范围 50-70）vs. 66（55-75），P = 0.0004]，而最常见的肿瘤是乳腺癌（49.8%）。女性患者更常出现高脂血症（37% 对 25%，P = 0.001）。男性患者的癌症易感性高于女性患者。他们更常患有高血压（51% 对 67%，P = 0.0002）或糖尿病（14% 对 21%，P = 0.02），并且更经常出现维生素 D 缺乏症[（U/l）中位数 26.0（范围 17 –38) vs. 16 (9–25), P = 0.002] 和贫血 [(g/dl) 中位数 11.8 (范围 10.4–12.9) vs. 11.7 (9.6–13.6), P = 0.51]。随访期间，140 例患者死亡（男性 77 例，女性 63 例；P = 0.21）。在男性患者中观察到死亡率增加（11.4% 对 14%，P = 0.89），考虑到可以影响两性的肿瘤，死亡率甚至更高，高达 18.9% 对 7.7%（P = 0.02）。结论 虽然女性患者在首次癌症诊断时较年轻，但男性患者的癌症易感性和死亡风险均较高。