We study the influence of ultrasonic vibration on the local corrosion and deposition of carbonates onto the surface of AISI 304 stainless steel under the conditions of heat exchange. It is shown that, in the presence of ultrasonic vibration with a power of 9 W and a frequency of 27 kHz, it is possible to shift the activation potential to the anodic side by 0.22 V (from 0.20 up to 0.42 V/SCRE). A mechanism of repassivation of pittings under the action of ultrasonic vibration is proposed. It is based on the removal of corrosion products over the zones of pitting realized to a decrease in their adhesion to the vibrating surface. It is shown that the application of ultrasonic vibration to the surface covered with a layer of carbonate deposits makes it possible to make the heat-transfer coefficient 3.8 times higher. The application of ultrasound with a power of 190 W makes it possible to prevent any deposition of scale on the clean surfaces of heat exchange.

我们研究了在热交换条件下超声波振动对 AISI 304 不锈钢表面局部腐蚀和碳酸盐沉积的影响。结果表明，在功率为 9 W、频率为 27 kHz 的超声振动存在下，可以将活化电位向阳极侧移动 0.22 V（从 0.20 到 0.42 V/SCRE）。提出了一种在超声振动作用下点蚀再钝化的机理。它基于去除点蚀区域上的腐蚀产物，从而降低它们对振动表面的附着力。结果表明，对覆盖有一层碳酸盐沉积物的表面施加超声波振动可以使传热系数提高 3.8 倍。