We report femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) of three-dimensional (3D) photonic-lattice-like microstructures in Nd:YVO₄ crystal. These structures are capable of simultaneously realizing optical waveguiding and beam splitting under both passive and active operations. Integrated further with the Ag nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in SiO₂ crystal as saturable absorber (SA), these photonic-lattice-like microstructures have been used for generation of Q-switched mode-locked lasers with tailored optical modes. This work indicates the promising application of FsLDW in constructing complex 3D structures in functional dielectric crystals and their excellent performance as well as small footprints for on-chip integration in compact and robust packages.

我们报告了 Nd:YVO ₄晶体中三维 (3D) 光子晶格状微结构的飞秒激光直写 (FsLDW) 。这些结构能够在无源和有源操作下同时实现光波导和光束分裂。与嵌入在 SiO ₂晶体中作为可饱和吸收体 (SA)的 Ag 纳米粒子 (NP) 进一步集成，这些光子晶格状微结构已用于生成具有定制光学模式的Q开关锁模激光器。这项工作表明 FsLDW 在构建功能性介电晶体中的复杂 3D 结构方面具有广阔的应用前景，其出色的性能以及用于在紧凑而坚固的封装中进行片上集成的小尺寸。