How do the temporal dynamics of neural activity encode highly coordinated visual-motor behaviour? To capture the millisecond-resolved neural activations associated with fine visual-motor skills, we devised a co-registration system to simultaneously record electroencephalogram and handwriting kinematics while participants were performing four handwriting tasks (writing in Chinese/English scripts with their dominant/non-dominant hand). The neural activation associated with each stroke was clearly identified with a well-structured and reliable pattern. The functional significance of this pattern was validated by its significant associations with language, hand and the cognitive stages and kinematics of handwriting. Furthermore, the handwriting rhythmicity was found to be synchronised to the brain's ongoing theta oscillation, and the synchronisation was associated with the factor of language and hand. These major findings imply an implication between motor skill formation and the interplay between the rhythms in the brain and the peripheral systems.

神经活动的时间动态如何编码高度协调的视觉运动行为？为了捕捉与精细视觉运动技能相关的毫秒级神经激活，我们设计了一个联合配准系统，在参与者执行四项手写任务时同时记录脑电图和手写运动学（用他们的主导/非优势手）。与每次中风相关的神经激活以结构良好且可靠的模式清楚地识别。这种模式的功能意义通过其与语言、手和手写的认知阶段和运动学的显着关联得到验证。此外，发现手写节奏与大脑正在进行的θ振荡同步，同步与语言和手的因素有关。这些主要发现暗示了运动技能形成与大脑节律与外围系统之间的相互作用之间的关系。