The growing number of neuroimaging studies of cynomolgus macaques require extending existing templates to facilitate species-specific application of voxel-wise neuroimaging methodologies. This study aimed to create population-averaged structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) templates for the cynomolgus macaques and apply the templates in fully automated voxel-wise analyses. We presented the development of symmetric and asymmetric MRI and DTI templates from a sample of 63 young male cynomolgus monkeys with the use of optimized template creation approaches. We also generated the associated average tissue probability maps and Diffeomorphic Anatomical Registration using Exponentiated Lie Algebra templates for use with the Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM), as well as the average fractional anisotropy/skeleton targets for incorporation into tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) framework. Both asymmetric and symmetric templates in a standardized coordinate space demonstrated low bias and high contrast. Fully automated processing using SPM was accomplished for all native MRI datasets and demonstrated outstanding performance regarding skull-stripping, segmentation, and normalization when using the MRI templates. Automated normalization to the DTI template was excellently achieved for all native DTI images using the TBSS pipeline. The cynomolgus MRI and DTI templates are anticipated to provide a common platform for precise single-subject data analysis and facilitate comparison of neuroimaging findings in cynomolgus monkeys across studies and sites. It is also hoped that the procedures of template creation and fully-automated voxel-wise frameworks will provide a straightforward avenue for investigating brain function, development, and neuro-psychopathological disorders in non-human primate models.

越来越多的食蟹猴神经影像学研究需要扩展现有模板，以促进体素神经影像学方法的物种特异性应用。本研究旨在为食蟹猴创建种群平均结构磁共振成像 (MRI) 和扩散张量成像 (DTI) 模板，并将这些模板应用于全自动体素分析。我们介绍了使用优化的模板创建方法从 63 只年轻的雄性食蟹猴样本中开发对称和非对称 MRI 和 DTI 模板。我们还使用指数李代数模板生成了相关的平均组织概率图和微分同相解剖配准，以便与统计参数映射 (SPM) 一起使用，以及用于纳入基于区域的空间统计 (TBSS) 框架的平均分数各向异性/骨架目标。标准化坐标空间中的不对称和对称模板均表现出低偏差和高对比度。使用 SPM 对所有原生 MRI 数据集进行了全自动处理，并在使用 MRI 模板时展示了在颅骨剥离、分割和标准化方面的出色性能。使用 TBSS 管道的所有原生 DTI 图像都出色地实现了 DTI 模板的自动标准化。食蟹猴 MRI 和 DTI 模板有望为精确的单一受试者数据分析提供一个通用平台，并促进跨研究和站点比较食蟹猴的神经影像学发现。