The “eshiret” (‘eşîret in the romanized Kurmanji Kurdish alphabet) is a highly variable and situated concept and social and political entity in Kurdistan, the homeland of ethnic Kurdish people. This essay is based on regular ethnographic fieldwork I have been conducting in part of Kurdistan, the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. My first research stint was in the mid-1990s, and I was there most recently in 2016. During the early period of my research, I had a great deal of contact with people in nonurban settings for whom an eshiret may be an important social category and contributor to individual identity.

中文翻译：

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库尔德斯坦的埃希尔坦

该“ eshiret ”（“eşîret在罗马化Kurmanji库尔德字母）是在库尔德斯坦，少数民族库尔德人家园高度可变和位于理念以及社会和政治实体。这篇文章基于我在伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区库尔德斯坦的部分地区进行的常规民族志田野调查。我的第一次研究是在 1990 年代中期，最近一次是在 2016 年。在我研究的早期，我与非城市环境中的人有很多接触，对他们来说，eshiret可能是一个重要的社会类别和个人身份的贡献者。