Much research has focused on improving the treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) to obtain usable energy. Pyrolysis technology can not only reduce the volume of MSW, but also produce pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and char, which have high calorific value and application characteristics and widely used in industrial activities. In this paper, we review research on the pyrolysis of MSW according to its composition. The production and physical composition of MSW (including raw and excavated MSW) are introduced. The effects of components of MSW, including plastic, biomass, and rubber, on the products of pyrolysis are summarized. In addition, the pyrolysis of raw and excavated MSW is discussed. Finally, the prospects and challenges of producing synthetic gas via MSW pyrolysis are outlined.

许多研究都集中在改善城市固体废物 (MSW) 的处理以获得可用能源上。热解技术不仅可以减少生活垃圾的体积，还可以生产热解油、热解气和焦炭，具有较高的热值和应用特性，广泛应用于工业活动。在本文中，我们根据城市生活垃圾的组成回顾了其热解研究。介绍了城市生活垃圾（包括未加工和挖掘的城市生活垃圾）的生产和物理成分。总结了 MSW 的组分，包括塑料、生物质和橡胶，对热解产物的影响。此外，还讨论了原始和挖掘的 MSW 的热解。最后，概述了通过 MSW 热解生产合成气的前景和挑战。