The energy required for space heating has been significantly reduced in recent decades due to more efficient insulation and building technology. However, studies show deviations between actual and predicted heat consumptions. Apart from mere technical aspects, occupant behaviour is recognized as one of the major causes for the observed mismatch. The more efficient the building, the more the ventilation behaviour becomes relevant for energy consumption. This paper focuses on the interdependence between ventilation behaviour and building efficiency based on a dataset on 1558 surveyed households and energetic building properties. The analyses show that the ventilation behaviour depends on the energy standard of the building. There is evidence of an inverse U-shaped correlation of the efficiency of the building and ventilation behaviour: energy-inefficient ventilation behaviour is rare in unrefurbished, old buildings due to the natural air exchange rates. In buildings that have been (partially) retrofitted to a medium energy standard, energy-inefficient ventilation behaviour is identified. In buildings with a high energy standard (new builds or modernised to a high energy standard) households predominantly ventilate in an energy-efficient manner. Concerning the ongoing discussion about rebound effects due to inefficient ventilation behaviour, these results can help to overcome the scepticism towards ambitious modernisations.

近几十年来，由于更高效的隔热和建筑技术，空间供暖所需的能源已显着减少。然而，研究表明实际和预测的热量消耗之间存在偏差。除了单纯的技术方面，乘员行为被认为是观察到的不匹配的主要原因之一。建筑效率越高，通风行为与能源消耗的相关性就越大。本文基于 1558 个被调查家庭和充满活力的建筑属性的数据集，重点关注通风行为与建筑效率之间的相互依存关系。分析表明，通风行为取决于建筑物的能源标准。有证据表明建筑物的效率和通风行为之间存在倒 U 形相关性：由于自然空气交换率，在未翻新的旧建筑中，能源效率低下的通风行为很少见。在已经（部分）改造为中等能源标准的建筑物中，发现了低能效的通风行为。在高能源标准的建筑（新建或现代化到高能源标准）中，家庭主要以节能方式进行通风。关于由于低效通风行为引起的反弹效应的持续讨论，这些结果有助于克服对雄心勃勃的现代化的怀疑。在高能源标准的建筑（新建或现代化到高能源标准）中，家庭主要以节能方式进行通风。关于由于低效通风行为引起的反弹效应的持续讨论，这些结果有助于克服对雄心勃勃的现代化的怀疑。在高能源标准的建筑（新建或现代化到高能源标准）中，家庭主要以节能方式进行通风。关于由于低效通风行为引起的反弹效应的持续讨论，这些结果有助于克服对雄心勃勃的现代化的怀疑。