Recent years have witnessed the discovery of several new viruses belonging to the family Arteriviridae, expanding the known diversity and host range of this group of complex RNA viruses. Although the pathological relevance of these new viruses is not always clear, several well-studied members of the family Arteriviridae are known to be important animal pathogens. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of four new arterivirus variants, belonging to two putative novel species. These new arteriviruses were discovered in African rodents and were given the names Lopma virus and Praja virus. Their genomes follow the characteristic genome organization of all known arteriviruses, even though they are only distantly related to currently known rodent-borne arteriviruses. Phylogenetic analysis shows that Lopma virus clusters in the subfamily Variarterivirinae, while Praja virus clusters near members of the subfamily Heroarterivirinae: the yet undescribed forest pouched giant rat arterivirus and hedgehog arterivirus 1. A co-divergence analysis of rodent-borne arteriviruses confirms that they share similar phylogenetic patterns with their hosts, with only very few cases of host shifting events throughout their evolutionary history. Overall, the genomes described here and their unique clustering with other arteriviruses further illustrate the existence of multiple rodent-borne arterivirus lineages, expanding our knowledge of the evolutionary origin of these viruses.

中文翻译：

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Lopma 病毒和 Praja 病毒的系统基因组学特征，两种新型啮齿动物传播动脉病毒

近年来发现了几种属于动脉炎病毒科的新病毒，扩大了这组复杂 RNA 病毒的已知多样性和宿主范围。尽管这些新病毒的病理相关性并不总是很清楚，但一些经过充分研究的动脉病毒科成员被认为是重要的动物病原体。在这里，我们报告了四个新的动脉病毒变体的完整基因组序列，属于两个推定的新物种。这些新的动脉病毒是在非洲啮齿动物中发现的，并被命名为 Lopma 病毒和 Praja 病毒。它们的基因组遵循所有已知动脉病毒的特征基因组组织，尽管它们与目前已知的啮齿动物传播的动脉病毒仅远亲相关。系统发育分析表明，Lopma 病毒聚集在Variarterivirinae亚科，而 Praja 病毒聚集在Heroarterivirinae亚科的成员附近。：尚未描述的森林袋装巨鼠动脉病毒和刺猬动脉病毒 1. 对啮齿动物传播的动脉病毒的共同分歧分析证实，它们与宿主具有相似的系统发育模式，在整个进化历史中只有极少数的宿主转移事件。总体而言，此处描述的基因组及其与其他动脉病毒的独特聚类进一步说明了多种啮齿动物传播的动脉病毒谱系的存在，扩大了我们对这些病毒进化起源的认识。