Air pollutants, especially PM, have been found to determine various effects on human health, including genotoxic effects. The aim of this study was to assess DNA damage with micronuclei (MN) and comet tests on buccal cells of 6–8 years old children living in an area with high air pollution. Both tests were repeated in the same children in two consecutive winters to compare the levels of DNA damage under different pollution conditions. A complete data set including lifestyle, air pollutants levels and biological sampling was available for 180 children in the two winters. A high mean MN frequency was found in both seasons, with higher value in the first (0.51 ± 0.59) than the second winter (0.40 ± 0.52), whereas DNA damage measured with comet test showed higher damage in the second versus the first winter (visual score 208.8 ± 67.1 vs. 173.2 ± 50.8). The associations between air pollutant levels (CO, NO₂, SO₂, benzene, O₃, PM_10, and PM_2.5; PM_0.5 and PAHs) and DNA damage were investigated at different lag times, and mainly, no significant association was found. This study on repeated measure of MN frequency and DNA damage in children’s buccal did not show an association with various air pollutants evaluated in an area with high levels of air pollution.

中文翻译：

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生活在高污染城市地区的儿童冬季空气污染和遗传毒性影响

已发现空气污染物，尤其是 PM，可确定对人类健康的各种影响，包括遗传毒性影响。本研究的目的是通过微核 (MN) 和彗星试验评估生活在空气污染严重地区的 6-8 岁儿童的口腔细胞的 DNA 损伤。连续两个冬天在同一个孩子身上重复这两项测试，以比较不同污染条件下的 DNA 损伤水平。一个完整的数据集，包括生活方式、空气污染物水平和生物采样，在两个冬天为 180 名儿童提供。在两个季节都发现了较高的平均 MN 频率，第一个 (0.51 ± 0.59) 的值高于第二个冬天 (0.40 ± 0.52)，而用彗星测试测量的 DNA 损伤显示第二个冬天的损伤高于第一个冬天（视觉评分 208.8 ± 67.1 与 173.2 ± 50.8）。₂、SO ₂、苯、O ₃、PM ₁₀和 PM _2.5；PM _0.5和 PAHs) 和 DNA 损伤在不同的滞后时间进行了研究，主要是没有发现显着的关联。这项对儿童口腔中 MN 频率和 DNA 损伤的重复测量的研究并未显示与在空气污染水平高的地区评估的各种空气污染物之间存在关联。