Abstract

As a simple monolayer, vascular endothelial cells can respond to physicochemical stimuli. In addition to promoting the formation of foam cells, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) contributes to the atherosclerotic process through different mechanisms, including endothelial cell dysfunction. As conserved noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) naturally lie in different genomic positions and post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of many genes. They participate in integrated networks formed under stress to maintain cellular homeostasis, vascular inflammation, and metabolism. These small RNAs constitute therapeutic targets in different diseases, including atherosclerosis, and their role as biomarkers is crucial given their detectability even years before the emergence of diseases. This review was performed to investigate the role of ox-LDL-regulated miRNAs in atherosclerosis, their molecular mechanisms, and their application as biomarkers of vascular endothelial cell dysfunction.

摘要

作为一个简单的单层，血管内皮细胞可以对物理化学刺激作出反应。除了促进泡沫细胞的形成，氧化低密度脂蛋白 (ox-LDL) 通过不同的机制促进动脉粥样硬化过程，包括内皮细胞功能障碍。作为保守的非编码 RNA，microRNA (miRNA) 自然地位于不同的基因组位置，并在转录后调节许多基因的表达。它们参与在压力下形成的综合网络，以维持细胞稳态、血管炎症和新陈代谢。这些小 RNA 构成了包括动脉粥样硬化在内的不同疾病的治疗靶点，它们作为生物标志物的作用至关重要，因为它们甚至在疾病出现前几年就可检测到。