Toward the Proactive Design of Sustainable Chemicals: Ionic Liquids as a Prime Example,Chemical Reviews

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Toward the Proactive Design of Sustainable Chemicals: Ionic Liquids as a Prime Example
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-15 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01265
Stephan Beil ₁ , Marta Markiewicz ₁ , Cristina Silva Pereira ₂ , Piotr Stepnowski ₃ , Jorg Thöming ₄ , Stefan Stolte ₁

Affiliation

The tailorable and often unique properties of ionic liquids (ILs) drive their implementation into a broad variety of seminal technologies. The modular design of ILs allows in this context a proactive selection of structures that favor environmental sustainability─ideally without compromising their technological performance. To achieve this objective, the whole life cycle must be taken into account and various aspects considered simultaneously. In this review, we discuss how the structural design of ILs affects their environmental impacts throughout all stages of their life cycles and scrutinize the available data in order to point out knowledge gaps that need further research activities. The design of more sustainable ILs starts with the selection of the most beneficial precursors and synthesis routes, takes their technical properties and application specific performance into due account, and considers its environmental fate particularly in terms of their (eco)toxicity, biotic and abiotic degradability, mobility, and bioaccumulation potential. Special emphasis is placed on reported structure–activity relationships and suggested mechanisms on a molecular level that might rationalize the empirically found design criteria.

中文翻译：

迈向可持续化学品的主动设计：以离子液体为例

离子液体 (IL) 的可定制且通常是独特的特性推动了它们在各种开创性技术中的应用。在这种情况下，IL 的模块化设计允许主动选择有利于环境可持续性的结构——理想情况下，不会影响其技术性能。为实现这一目标，必须考虑整个生命周期，同时考虑各个方面。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 IL 的结构设计如何在其生命周期的所有阶段影响其环境影响，并仔细检查可用数据以指出需要进一步研究活动的知识差距。更可持续的离子液体的设计始于选择最有益的前体和合成路线，考虑到它们的技术特性和特定应用性能，并考虑其环境命运，特别是在它们的（生态）毒性、生物和非生物降解性、流动性和生物累积潜力方面。特别强调报告的结构-活性关系和分子水平上的建议机制，这可能使经验发现的设计标准合理化。

更新日期：2021-11-10

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