Loess is an important soil type that is widespread in the Loess Plateau of northwest China. However, mining exploitation, beneficiation, and metallurgy have led to inorganic contamination of soils that threatens the health of residents. The regular absorption peak shift of near-infrared (NIR) spectra in loessal soils represents a new method of soil environmental assessment based on field reflectance spectroscopy and hyperspectral remote sensing. Specifically, the NIR features of loessal soil will shift in response to changes in the soil composition and microstructure induced by heavy metal pollution. This study collected 27 samples from notable regions in the study area. Mid-infrared (MIR) spectral analysis, NIR spectral analysis, modified seven-step Tessier sequential extraction, and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the band shift phenomenon of MIR and NIR features. The alignment of NIR bands was determined via the correlation between NIR and MIR bands associated with the vibration variations of the hydroxyl group. The correlations established by NIR band positions and exchangeable Cd cations were also analyzed. The results were then discussed according to the mineralogical characteristics of the heavy metal cations adsorbed on the surface and interlayer sites of clay minerals. These results can be used as a reference for the application of NIR technology to detecting heavy metal contamination in the soil of mining regions.

黄土是我国西北部黄土高原广泛分布的重要土壤类型。然而，采矿开采、选矿和冶金导致土壤无机污染，威胁居民健康。黄土中近红外（NIR）光谱的规律吸收峰位移代表了一种基于场反射光谱和高光谱遥感的土壤环境评估新方法。具体而言，黄土的近红外特征将随着重金属污染引起的土壤成分和微观结构的变化而发生变化。本研究从研究区的重要地区收集了 27 个样本。中红外 (MIR) 光谱分析、NIR 光谱分析、改进的七步 Tessier 序列提取、和X射线衍射用于分析MIR和NIR特征的带移现象。NIR 波段的排列是通过 NIR 和 MIR 波段之间与羟基振动变化相关的相关性来确定的。还分析了由 NIR 波段位置和可交换 Cd 阳离子建立的相关性。然后根据吸附在粘土矿物表面和层间位点上的重金属阳离子的矿物学特征对结果进行了讨论。这些结果可为应用近红外技术检测矿区土壤重金属污染提供参考。还分析了由 NIR 波段位置和可交换 Cd 阳离子建立的相关性。然后根据吸附在粘土矿物表面和层间位点上的重金属阳离子的矿物学特征对结果进行了讨论。这些结果可为应用近红外技术检测矿区土壤重金属污染提供参考。还分析了由 NIR 波段位置和可交换 Cd 阳离子建立的相关性。然后根据吸附在粘土矿物表面和层间位点上的重金属阳离子的矿物学特征对结果进行了讨论。这些结果可为应用近红外技术检测矿区土壤重金属污染提供参考。