Drought severity and its associated impacts remain persistent in the water-stressed regions of the world including the Sahel of Africa. Across the Sahel, there exist limited ground stations monitoring weather observations. This limitation has created an uphill task in trying to understand the role of climate in drought conditions across the entire Sahel of Africa; hence, the use of Earth observation satellite data for environmental events monitoring such as droughts. To determine the drought status of the Nigerian Sahel in a cost-efficient way, this study used Earth observation (EO) data (MODIS) and CORDEX precipitation flux. For accurate outcomes, the proposed algorithm by Kogan was explored in the study using R programming, which offers some appropriate characteristics for filtering cloud and other disturbances. The processing yields reliable drought indicators over the Sahel for various aggregate years and state zones. Drought severity index evaluated for the distinct Sahel region of Nigeria reflects how severe to extreme droughts characterised the period of 2001 to 2019 during late dry seasons, while the region observed mild droughts, such as years 2001 and 2003–2018 where the region observed no to moderate drought events during the wet seasons. As established in this study, the Sahel experiences severe droughts with a significantly higher water deficiency than elsewhere, especially during the late dry seasons.

在世界缺水地区，包括非洲萨赫勒地区，干旱的严重程度及其相关影响仍然持续存在。在整个萨赫勒地区，监测天气观测的地面站数量有限。这种限制使得试图了解气候在整个非洲萨赫勒地区干旱条件中的作用成为一项艰巨的任务；因此，使用地球观测卫星数据进行干旱等环境事件监测。为了以经济高效的方式确定尼日利亚萨赫勒地区的干旱状况，本研究使用了地球观测 (EO) 数据 (MODIS) 和 CORDEX 降水通量。为了获得准确的结果，Kogan 提出的算法在研究中使用 R 编程进行了探索，该算法为过滤云和其他干扰提供了一些适当的特征。处理过程产生了萨赫勒地区不同年份和州区的可靠干旱指标。为尼日利亚独特的萨赫勒地区评估的干旱严重程度指数反映了 2001 年至 2019 年旱季晚期干旱的严重程度和极端干旱，而该地区观察到轻度干旱，例如 2001 年和 2003-2018 年，该地区观察到没有到雨季中度干旱事件。正如本研究所确定的那样，萨赫勒地区经历了严重的干旱，缺水率明显高于其他地方，尤其是在旱季后期。为尼日利亚独特的萨赫勒地区评估的干旱严重程度指数反映了 2001 年至 2019 年旱季晚期干旱的严重程度和极端干旱，而该地区观察到轻度干旱，例如 2001 年和 2003-2018 年，该地区观察到没有到雨季中度干旱事件。正如本研究所确定的那样，萨赫勒地区经历了严重的干旱，缺水率明显高于其他地方，尤其是在旱季后期。为尼日利亚独特的萨赫勒地区评估的干旱严重程度指数反映了 2001 年至 2019 年旱季晚期干旱的严重程度和极端干旱，而该地区观察到轻度干旱，例如 2001 年和 2003-2018 年，该地区观察到没有到雨季中度干旱事件。正如本研究所确定的那样，萨赫勒地区经历了严重的干旱，缺水率明显高于其他地方，尤其是在旱季后期。