Objective To describe the direct and indirect cost estimates of dry eye disease (DED), stratified by disease severity, and the impact of DED on quality of life (QoL) in Canadian patients. Methods and analysis A prospective, multicentre, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at six sites across Canada. Eligible patients completed a 20 min survey on demography, general health, disease severity, QoL and direct (resource utilisation and out-of-pocket expenses for the past 3–24 months) and indirect costs (absenteeism and presenteeism based on Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire responses). Subgroup analyses were performed according to DED severity and presence of Sjögren’s syndrome. Results Responses from 146 of 151 participants were included in the analysis. DED was rated as moderate or severe by 19.2% and 69.2% of patients, respectively. Total mean annual costs of DED were $C24 331 (Canadian dollars) per patient and increased with patient-reported disease severity. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) indirect costs for mild, moderate and severe disease were $C5961 ($C6275), $C16 525 ($C11 607), and $C25 485 ($C22,879), respectively. Mean (SD) direct costs were $C958 ($C1216), $C1303 ($C1574) and $C2766 ($C7161), respectively. QoL scores were lowest in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (8.2% of cohort) and those with severe DED. Conclusion This study provides important insights into the negative impact of DED in a Canadian setting. Severe DED was associated with higher direct and indirect costs and lower QoL compared with those with mild or moderate disease. Increased costs and poorer QoL were also evident for patients with DED plus Sjögren’s syndrome versus DED alone. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available.

中文翻译：

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加拿大干眼病造成的经济负担和生活质量损失

目的 描述干眼病 (DED) 的直接和间接成本估算，按疾病严重程度分层，以及 DED 对加拿大患者生活质量 (QoL) 的影响。方法和分析 在加拿大的六个地点进行了一项前瞻性、多中心、观察性、横断面研究。符合条件的患者完成了一项 20 分钟的关于人口统计学、一般健康状况、疾病严重程度、生活质量和直接（过去 3-24 个月的资源利用和自付费用）和间接成本（基于工作效率和活动的缺勤和出勤率）的调查损害问卷答复）。根据 DED 严重程度和干燥综合征的存在进行亚组分析。结果 151 名参与者中有 146 名的反应被纳入分析。DED 的中度或重度分别为 19.2% 和 69。分别为 2% 的患者。DED 的年平均总成本为每位患者 $C24 331（加元），并随着患者报告的疾病严重程度而增加。轻度、中度和重度疾病的平均（标准差 [SD]）间接成本分别为 $C5961 ($C6275)、$C16 525 ($C11 607) 和 $C25 485 ($C22,879)。平均 (SD) 直接成本分别为 $C958 ($C1216)、$C1303 ($C1574) 和 $C2766 ($C7161)。干燥综合征患者（占队列的 8.2%）和严重 DED 患者的生活质量评分最低。结论 本研究提供了关于 DED 在加拿大环境中的负面影响的重要见解。与轻度或中度疾病患者相比，重度 DED 与更高的直接和间接成本以及更低的 QoL 相关。与单独的 DED 相比，DED 加 Sjögren 综合征患者的成本增加和 QoL 较差也很明显。数据可能从第三方获得，并且不公开。