Six studies show that majority members misperceive diversity policies as unbeneficial to their ingroup, even when policies benefit them. Majority members perceived nonzero-sum university admission policies-policies that increase acceptance of both URM (i.e., underrepresented minority) and non-URM applicants-as harmful to their ingroup when merely framed as "diversity" policies. Even for policies lacking a diversity framing (i.e., "leadership" policies), majority members misperceived that their ingroup would not benefit when policies provided relatively greater benefit to URMs, but not when they provided relatively greater benefit to non-URMs. No consistent evidence emerged that these effects were driven by ideological factors: Majority members' misperceptions occurred even when accounting for self-reported beliefs around diversity, hierarchy, race, and politics. Instead, we find that majority group membership itself predicts misperceptions, such that both Black and White participants accurately perceive nonzero-sum diversity policies as also benefiting the majority when participants are represented as members of the minority group. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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大多数成员甚至认为“双赢”的多元化政策对他们无益。

六项研究表明，即使政策对他们有利，大多数成员仍将多元化政策误认为对他们的内群体不利。大多数成员认为，非零和大学录取政策——增加对 URM（即代表性不足的少数）和非 URM 申请者的接受度的政策——如果仅仅被视为“多样性”政策，就会对他们的内群体有害。即使对于缺乏多样性框架的政策（即“领导”政策），大多数成员都误认为当政策为 URM 提供相对更大的利益时，他们的内群体不会受益，但当它们为非 URM 提供相对更大的利益时则不会受益。没有一致的证据表明这些影响是由意识形态因素驱动的：大多数成员的 即使考虑到自我报告的关于多样性、等级制度、种族和政治的信念，也会发生误解。相反，我们发现多数群体成员本身会预测误解，因此当参与者被代表为少数群体的成员时，黑人和白人参与者都准确地认为非零和多样性政策也有利于大多数人。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。