Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Approximately one-tenth of all patients with advanced breast cancer develop brain metastases resulting in an overall survival rate of fewer than 2 years. The challenges lie in developing new approaches to treat, monitor, and prevent breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM). This review will provide an overview of BCBM from the integrated perspective of clinicians, researchers, and patient advocates. We will summarize the current management of BCBM, including diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. We will highlight ongoing translational research for BCBM, including clinical trials and improved detection methods that can become the mainstay for BCBM treatment if they demonstrate efficacy. We will discuss preclinical BCBM research that focuses on the intrinsic properties of breast cancer cells and the influence of the brain microenvironment. Finally, we will spotlight emerging studies and future research needs to improve survival outcomes and preserve the quality of life for patients with BCBM.

乳腺癌是全世界女性最常诊断出的癌症。大约十分之一的晚期乳腺癌患者会发生脑转移，导致总体生存率不到两年。挑战在于开发治疗、监测和预防乳腺癌脑转移 (BCBM) 的新方法。本综述将从临床医生、研究人员和患者倡导者的综合角度对 BCBM 进行概述。我们将总结当前 BCBM 的管理，包括诊断、治疗和监测。我们将重点介绍正在进行的 BCBM 转化研究，包括临床试验和改进的检测方法，如果它们证明有效，则可以成为 BCBM 治疗的支柱。我们将讨论临床前 BCBM 研究，重点关注乳腺癌细胞的内在特性和大脑微环境的影响。最后，我们将重点关注新兴研究和未来的研究需求，以改善 BCBM 患者的生存结果并保持生活质量。