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Episcleral venous pressure response to brain stem stimulation: Effect of topical lidocaine
Experimental Eye Research ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108766
Clemens A Strohmaier 1 , Jeffrey W Kiel 2 , Herbert A Reitsamer 3
Affiliation  

Episcleral venous pressure (EVP) is important for steady state intraocular pressure (IOP), as it has to be overcome by aqueous humor in order to leave the eye. Recent evidence suggests a neuronal tone being present, as topical anesthesia lowered EVP. The superior salivatory nucleus in the brainstem could be identified to elicit increases in EVP during electrical stimulation. In the present study the effect of topical anesthesia on the stimulation effect was investigated. 8 Spraque Dawley rats were anesthetized, artificially ventilated with CO2 monitoring and continuous blood pressure monitoring. Intraocular pressure was measured continuously through a cannula in the vitreous body. Episcleral venous pressure was measured by direct cannulation of an episcleral vein via a custom made glass pipette connected to a servonull micropressure system. Electrical stimulation of the superior salivatory nucleus (9 μA, 200 pulses of 1 ms duration) increased EVP from 8.51 ± 1.82 mmHg to 10.97 ± 1.93 mmHg (p = 0.004). After application of topical lidocaine EVP increased from 7.42 ± 1.59 mmHg to 9.77 ± 1.65 mmHg (p = 0.007). The EVP response to stimulation before and after lidocaine application was not statistically significantly different (2.45 ± 0.5 vs 2.35 ± 0.49 mmHg, p = 0.69), while the decrease in baseline EVP was (8.51 vs. 7.42 mmHg, p = 0.045). The present data suggest that distinct neuronal mechanisms controlling the episcleral circulation of rats exist. This is in keeping with previous reports of two distinct arterio-venous anastomoses, one in the limbal circulation and one in the conjunctival/episcleral circulation.



中文翻译:

脑干刺激的巩膜外静脉压反应:外用利多卡因的作用

巩膜外静脉压 (EVP) 对稳态眼内压 (IOP) 很重要,因为它必须被房水克服才能离开眼睛。最近的证据表明存在神经元音调,因为局部麻醉降低了 EVP。可以识别脑干中的上唾液核以在电刺激期间引起 EVP 增加。在本研究中,研究了局部麻醉对刺激效果的影响。将 8 只 Spraque Dawley 大鼠麻醉,人工通气,同时进行 CO2 监测和连续血压监测。通过玻璃体内的套管连续测量眼压。巩膜外静脉压力是通过连接至伺服零微压系统的定制玻璃移液管直接对巩膜外静脉进行插管来测量的。上唾液核的电刺激(9 μA,1 ms 持续时间的 200 个脉冲)将 EVP 从 8.51 ± 1.82 mmHg 增加到 10.97 ± 1.93 mmHg(p = 0.004)。局部应用利多卡因后,EVP 从 7.42 ± 1.59 mmHg 增加到 9.77 ± 1.65 mmHg (p = 0.007)。应用利多卡因前后 EVP 对刺激的反应无统计学差异(2.45 ± 0.5 对 2.35 ± 0.49 mmHg,p = 0.69),而基线 EVP 的降低为(8.51 对 7.42 mmHg,p = 0.045)。目前的数据表明存在控制大鼠巩膜外循环的不同神经元机制。这与之前关于两种不同动静脉吻合的报道一致,一种在角膜缘循环中,一种在结膜/巩膜外循环中。1 ms 持续时间的 200 个脉冲)将 EVP 从 8.51 ± 1.82 mmHg 增加到 10.97 ± 1.93 mmHg(p = 0.004)。局部应用利多卡因后,EVP 从 7.42 ± 1.59 mmHg 增加到 9.77 ± 1.65 mmHg (p = 0.007)。应用利多卡因前后 EVP 对刺激的反应无统计学差异(2.45 ± 0.5 对 2.35 ± 0.49 mmHg,p = 0.69),而基线 EVP 的降低为(8.51 对 7.42 mmHg,p = 0.045)。目前的数据表明存在控制大鼠巩膜外循环的不同神经元机制。这与之前关于两种不同动静脉吻合的报道一致,一种在角膜缘循环中,一种在结膜/巩膜外循环中。1 ms 持续时间的 200 个脉冲)将 EVP 从 8.51 ± 1.82 mmHg 增加到 10.97 ± 1.93 mmHg(p = 0.004)。局部应用利多卡因后,EVP 从 7.42 ± 1.59 mmHg 增加到 9.77 ± 1.65 mmHg (p = 0.007)。应用利多卡因前后 EVP 对刺激的反应无统计学差异(2.45 ± 0.5 对 2.35 ± 0.49 mmHg,p = 0.69),而基线 EVP 的降低为(8.51 对 7.42 mmHg,p = 0.045)。目前的数据表明存在控制大鼠巩膜外循环的不同神经元机制。这与之前关于两种不同动静脉吻合的报道一致,一种在角膜缘循环中,一种在结膜/巩膜外循环中。局部应用利多卡因后,EVP 从 7.42 ± 1.59 mmHg 增加到 9.77 ± 1.65 mmHg (p = 0.007)。应用利多卡因前后 EVP 对刺激的反应无统计学差异(2.45 ± 0.5 对 2.35 ± 0.49 mmHg,p = 0.69),而基线 EVP 的降低为(8.51 对 7.42 mmHg,p = 0.045)。目前的数据表明存在控制大鼠巩膜外循环的不同神经元机制。这与之前关于两种不同动静脉吻合的报道一致,一种在角膜缘循环中,一种在结膜/巩膜外循环中。局部应用利多卡因后,EVP 从 7.42 ± 1.59 mmHg 增加到 9.77 ± 1.65 mmHg (p = 0.007)。应用利多卡因前后 EVP 对刺激的反应无统计学差异(2.45 ± 0.5 对 2.35 ± 0.49 mmHg,p = 0.69),而基线 EVP 的降低为(8.51 对 7.42 mmHg,p = 0.045)。目前的数据表明存在控制大鼠巩膜外循环的不同神经元机制。这与之前关于两种不同动静脉吻合的报道一致,一种在角膜缘循环中,一种在结膜/巩膜外循环中。而基线 EVP 的降低为(8.51 对 7.42 mmHg,p = 0.045)。目前的数据表明存在控制大鼠巩膜外循环的不同神经元机制。这与之前关于两种不同动静脉吻合的报道一致,一种在角膜缘循环中,一种在结膜/巩膜外循环中。而基线 EVP 的降低为(8.51 对 7.42 mmHg,p = 0.045)。目前的数据表明存在控制大鼠巩膜外循环的不同神经元机制。这与之前关于两种不同动静脉吻合的报道一致,一种在角膜缘循环中,一种在结膜/巩膜外循环中。

更新日期:2021-09-16
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