Studies of infants with an elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder can identify basic developmental processes that are associated with subsequently emerging clinical symptoms. Atypical responsiveness to sounds in infancy is such a potential early marker of autism. Here, we used pupillometry to quantify reactivity to social and nonsocial sounds in infants with a subsequent diagnosis. Previous research suggest that pupil dilation reflects attentional alerting, and link it to the locus coeruleus norepinephrine system.

中文翻译：

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随后诊断为自闭症的婴儿对非社交声音的瞳孔放大较大

对患有自闭症谱系障碍可能性升高的婴儿的研究可以确定与随后出现的临床症状相关的基本发育过程。婴儿期对声音的非典型反应是自闭症的潜在早期标志。在这里，我们使用瞳孔测量法来量化婴儿对社交和非社交声音的反应，并进行后续诊断。先前的研究表明，瞳孔扩张反映了注意力警报，并将其与蓝斑去甲肾上腺素系统联系起来。