We describe the demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings of 422 children (0–18 year-of-age) suspected of having severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection admitted to a pediatric emergency department between March 23, and July 23, 2020. We compared the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients to SARS-CoV-2-negative patients. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 78 (18.4%). Fever (51.2%) and cough (43.5%) were the most commonly reported signs in the SARS-CoV-2-positive patients. Isolated rhinorrhea (7.2%) was reported only in the SARS-CoV-2-negative group (p = .0014). Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were classified according to severity, with the percentages of asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, and critical cases determined to be 29.5%, 56.4%, 12.9%, 1.2%, and 0%, respectively. Of the 422 children, 128 (30.3%) underwent nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction testing for other respiratory viral pathogens; 21 (16.4%) were infected with viral pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2. Only one patient (4.7%) with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease was coinfected with respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus. The results indicate lower median white blood cell, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts, lower lactate dehydrogenase, d-dimer, and procalcitonin levels in the SARS-CoV-2-positive group (p ≤ .001). Our findings confirm that COVID-19 in children has a mild presentation. In our cohort, no patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection had isolated rhinorrhea.

中文翻译：

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SARS-CoV-2感染儿童的临床和实验室特征


我们描述了 3 月份期间在儿科急诊科收治的 422 名疑似患有严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染的儿童（0-18 岁）的人口统计学、临床、放射学和实验室检查结果2020年7月23日和2020年7月23日。我们比较了SARS-CoV-2阳性患者和SARS-CoV-2阴性患者的特征。 78 例 (18.4%) 确诊 SARS-CoV-2 感染。发烧（51.2%）和咳嗽（43.5%）是 SARS-CoV-2 阳性患者最常见的症状。仅在 SARS-CoV-2 阴性组中报告有孤立性鼻漏 (7.2%) ( p = .0014)。根据严重程度对SARS-CoV-2感染患者进行分类，无症状、轻度、中度、重度和危重型病例的比例分别为29.5%、56.4%、12.9%、1.2%和0%。在422名儿童中，128名（30.3%）接受了鼻咽聚合酶链反应检测其他呼吸道病毒病原体； 21 人（16.4%）感染了 SARS-CoV-2 以外的病毒病原体。只有一名确诊 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的患者（4.7%）同时感染呼吸道合胞病毒和鼻病毒。结果表明，SARS-CoV-2 阳性组的白细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞计数中位数较低，乳酸脱氢酶、 d-二聚体和降钙素原水平较低 ( p ≤ .001)。我们的研究结果证实，儿童中的 COVID-19 症状较轻。在我们的队列中，没有 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者出现孤立性鼻漏。