Using physician licensing data from 1972–2015 obtained from Indiana, we examine the performance of the disciplinary process in enforcing minimum performance standards. Only 1.2 percent of the physicians in our dataset were disciplined. Drug diversion, substance abuse, and sexual misconduct account for 60 percent of all disciplinary actions. Male physicians are at higher risk for disciplinary action for sexual misconduct and drug diversion, but not for other types of misconduct. Graduates of U.S. and non-U.S. medical schools have the same overall risk of disciplinary action—but for non-U.S. educated physicians, this is the result of averaging a significantly lower risk of discipline for drug and alcohol abuse and drug diversion with a significantly higher risk of discipline for negligence and sexual misconduct. Physicians who attended medical school in the Caribbean have a significantly higher risk of discipline for negligence/incompetence, but not for other causes.

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医师执照和纪律：来自印第安纳州的教训

使用从印第安纳州获得的 1972 年至 2015 年的医师执照数据，我们检查了纪律程序在执行最低绩效标准方面的表现。我们数据集中只有 1.2% 的医生受到纪律处分。药物转移、药物滥用和性行为不端占所有纪律处分的 60%。男性医生因不当性行为和药物转移而受到纪律处分的风险更高，但不会因其他类型的不当行为而受到纪律处分。美国和非美国医学院的毕业生受到纪律处分的总体风险相同——但对于非美国受过教育的医生来说，这是平均而言，因药物和酒精滥用以及药物转移而受到纪律处分的风险显着降低的结​​果。因疏忽和不当性行为而受到纪律处分的风险。