N-Butylpyrrolidone (NBP) as a non-toxic substitute for NMP in iron-catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp3) cross-coupling of aryl chlorides,Green Chemistry

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N-Butylpyrrolidone (NBP) as a non-toxic substitute for NMP in iron-catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp3) cross-coupling of aryl chlorides
Green Chemistry ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-18 , DOI: 10.1039/d1gc02377b
Elwira Bisz ₁ , Martina Koston ₁ , Michal Szostak ₂

Affiliation

Although iron catalyzed cross-coupling reactions show extraordinary promise in reducing the environmental impact of more toxic and scarce transition metals, one of the main challenges is the use of reprotoxic NMP (NMP = N-methylpyrrolidone) as the key ligand to iron in the most successful protocols in this reactivity platform. Herein, we report that non-toxic and sustainable N-butylpyrrolidone (NBP) serves as a highly effective substitute for NMP in iron-catalyzed C(sp²)–C(sp³) cross-coupling of aryl chlorides with alkyl Grignard reagents. This challenging alkylation proceeds with organometallics bearing β-hydrogens with efficiency superseding or matching that of NMP with ample scope and broad functional group tolerance. Appealing applications are demonstrated in the cross-coupling in the presence of sensitive functional groups and the synthesis of several pharmaceutical intermediates, including a dual NK1/serotonin inhibitor, a fibrinolysis inhibitor and an antifungal agent. Considering that the iron/NMP system has emerged as one of the most powerful iron cross-coupling technologies available in both academic and industrial research, we anticipate that this method will be of broad interest.

中文翻译：

N-丁基吡咯烷酮 (NBP) 在铁催化的芳基氯的 C(sp2)–C(sp3) 交叉偶联中作为 NMP 的无毒替代品

尽管铁催化的交叉偶联反应在减少毒性更大和稀缺的过渡金属对环境的影响方面显示出非凡的前景，但主要挑战之一是使用具有生殖毒性的 NMP（NMP = N-甲基吡咯烷酮）作为大多数铁的关键配体。在这个反应平台上成功的协议。在此，我们报告了无毒且可持续的N-丁基吡咯烷酮 (NBP) 在铁催化的 C(sp ² )–C(sp ³) 芳基氯与烷基格氏试剂的交叉偶联。这种具有挑战性的烷基化反应使用带有 β-氢的有机金属化合物进行，其效率超过或匹配 NMP，具有广泛的范围和广泛的官能团耐受性。在敏感官能团存在下的交叉偶联和多种药物中间体的合成中证明了有吸引力的应用，包括双重 NK1/5-羟色胺抑制剂、纤维蛋白溶解抑制剂和抗真菌剂。考虑到铁/NMP 系统已成为学术和工业研究中可用的最强大的铁交叉耦合技术之一，我们预计这种方法将引起广泛关注。

更新日期：2021-09-14

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