Bengalese finches (Lonchura striata var. domestica) have more complex song traits than their wild ancestors, white-rumped munias (Lonchura striata). Domesticated finches are likely able to allocate more resources to reproduction (e.g. singing) rather than to mechanisms intended for coping with predation, which are no longer needed under domesticated conditions. Here, we aimed to examine the effects of changes in selection pressure due to domestication on the behaviour of Bengalese finches and to contemplate the possible evolutionary mechanisms underlying these changes. To do so, we compared neophobic responses to novel-object conditions as an assessment of reactions to potential predators. We studied groups of Bengalese finches and white-rumped munias and found that Bengalese finches were more likely to eat the food provided to them under novel-object conditions. Bengalese finches had a shorter latency time to eat, and this latency time was less affected by the novel object in the case of Bengalese finches compared to white-rumped munias. Therefore, Bengalese finches have reduced neophobic responses due to domestication. The behavioural strategies of white-rumped munias appear to be more suitable for natural environments, which include unpredictable risks, whereas Bengalese finches have likely adapted their behaviour to the conditions of artificial selection.

孟加拉雀（白腰文鸟芨变种家蝇）具有更复杂的歌曲特质比他们的野生祖先，白腰munias（白腰文鸟芨）。驯化的雀类可能能够将更多的资源分配给繁殖（例如唱歌），而不是用于应对捕食的机制，驯化条件下不再需要这些资源。在这里，我们旨在检查由于驯化而导致的选择压力变化对孟加拉雀类行为的影响，并思考这些变化背后可能的进化机制。为此，我们比较了对新物体条件的新恐惧反应，作为对潜在捕食者反应的评估。我们研究了成群的孟加拉雀和白腰雀，发现孟加拉雀在新物体条件下更有可能吃掉提供给它们的食物。孟加拉雀的进食潜伏期较短，与白腰雀相比，这种潜伏时间在孟加拉雀的情况下受新物体的影响较小。因此，孟加拉雀因驯化而减少了新的恐惧反应。白腰雀的行为策略似乎更适合自然环境，其中包括不可预测的风险，而孟加拉雀可能已将其行为调整为人工选择的条件。