Temperature plays a significant role in the vector competence, extrinsic incubation period, and intensity of infection of arboviruses within mosquito vectors. Most laboratory infection studies use static incubation temperatures that may not accurately reflect daily temperature ranges (DTR) to which mosquitoes are exposed. This could potentially compromise the application of results to real world scenarios. We evaluated the effect of fluctuating DTR versus static temperature treatments on the infection, dissemination, and transmission rates and viral titers of Culex tarsalis and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes for West Nile virus. Two DTR regimens were tested including an 11 and 15 °C range, both fluctuating around an average temperature of 28 °C. Overall, no significant differences were found between DTR and static treatments for infection, dissemination, or transmission rates for either species. However, significant treatment differences were identified for both Cx. tarsalis and Cx. quinquefasciatus viral titers. These effects were species-specific and most prominent later in the infection. These results indicate that future studies on WNV infections in Culex mosquitoes should consider employing realistic DTRs to reflect interactions most accurately between the virus, vector, and environment.

中文翻译：

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孵化温度波动对库蚊感染西尼罗河病毒的影响

温度在媒介能力、外在潜伏期和蚊虫媒介中虫媒病毒的感染强度中起着重要作用。大多数实验室感染研究使用的静态孵化温度可能无法准确反映蚊子所接触的每日温度范围 (DTR)。这可能会损害结果在现实世界场景中的应用。我们评估了波动 DTR 与静态温度处理对跗子库蚊和库蚊 quinquefasciatus感染、传播和传播率以及病毒滴度的影响西尼罗河病毒的蚊子。测试了两种 DTR 方案，包括 11 和 15°C 的范围，均在 28°C 的平均温度附近波动。总体而言，DTR 和静态治疗对于任一物种的感染、传播或传播率均未发现显着差异。然而，两种Cx都发现了显着的治疗差异。跗骨和Cx。quinquefasciatus病毒滴度。这些影响是物种特异性的，并且在感染后期最为突出。这些结果表明，未来对库蚊中 WNV 感染的研究应考虑采用现实的 DTR 来最准确地反映病毒、载体和环境之间的相互作用。