The ability of patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) to develop an effective humoral immune response after COVID-19 is unknown. A prospective study was performed to monitor the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 of patients with follicular lymphoma (FL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLD), multiple myeloma (MM), or myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative syndromes (MDS/MPN). Antibody (Ab) levels to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) protein were measured at +1, +3, +6 months after nasal swabs became PCR-negative. Forty-five patients (9 FL, 8 DLBCL, 8 CLD, 10 MM, 10 MDS/MPS) and 18 controls were studied. Mean anti-N and anti-S-Ab levels were similar between HM patients and controls, and shared the same behavior, with anti-N Ab levels declining at +6 months and anti-S-Ab remaining stable. Seroconversion rates were lower in HM patients than in controls. In lymphoma patients mean Ab levels and seroconversion rates were lower than in other HM patients, primarily because all nine patients who had received rituximab within 6 months before COVID-19 failed to produce anti-N and anti-S-Ab. Only one patient requiring hematological treatment after COVID-19 lost seropositivity after 6 months. No reinfections were observed. These results may inform vaccination policies and clinical management of HM patients.

血液系统恶性肿瘤 (HM) 患者在 COVID-19 后产生有效体液免疫反应的能力尚不清楚。一项前瞻性研究旨在监测滤泡性淋巴瘤 (FL)、弥漫性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤 (DLBCL)、慢性淋巴细胞增生性疾病 (CLD)、多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 或骨髓增生异常患者对 SARS-CoV-2 的免疫反应/骨髓增生综合征（MDS/MPN）。在鼻拭子 PCR 阴性后 +1、+3、+6 个月测量了针对 SARS-CoV-2 核衣壳 (N) 和刺突 (S) 蛋白的抗体 (Ab) 水平。研究了 45 名患者（9 名 FL、8 名 DLBCL、8 名 CLD、10 名 MM、10 名 MDS/MPS）和 18 名对照。HM 患者和对照组的平均抗 N 和抗 S-Ab 水平相似，并具有相同的行为，抗 N Ab 水平在 +6 个月时下降，而抗 S-Ab 保持稳定。HM 患者的血清转化率低于对照组。淋巴瘤患者的平均抗体水平和血清转换率低于其他 HM 患者，主要是因为在 COVID-19 之前 6 个月内接受利妥昔单抗的所有 9 名患者均未能产生抗 N 和抗 S-Ab。只有一名在 COVID-19 后需要血液学治疗的患者在 6 个月后血清学阳性。没有观察到再感染。这些结果可为 HM 患者的疫苗接种政策和临床管理提供信息。只有一名在 COVID-19 后需要血液学治疗的患者在 6 个月后血清学阳性。没有观察到再感染。这些结果可为 HM 患者的疫苗接种政策和临床管理提供信息。只有一名在 COVID-19 后需要血液学治疗的患者在 6 个月后血清学阳性。没有观察到再感染。这些结果可为 HM 患者的疫苗接种政策和临床管理提供信息。