Addressing Urgent Questions for PFAS in the 21st Century,Environmental Science & Technology

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Addressing Urgent Questions for PFAS in the 21st Century
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03386
Carla Ng ₁ , Ian T Cousins ₂ , Jamie C DeWitt ₃ , Juliane Glüge ₄ , Gretta Goldenman ₅ , Dorte Herzke _{6,

7} , Rainer Lohmann ₈ , Mark Miller ₉ , Sharyle Patton ₁₀ , Martin Scheringer _{4,

11} , Xenia Trier ₁₂ , Zhanyun Wang ₁₃

Affiliation

Departments of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Environmental & Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States.
Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, United States.
Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
Milieu Consulting SPRL, 1060 Brussels, Belgium.
Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Fram Centre, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway.
Institute for Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, United States.
National Institute of Environmental Health Science and U.S. Public Health Service, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States.
Health and Environment Program, Commonweal, Bolinas, California 94924, United States.
RECETOX, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
European Environment Agency, Kgs Nytorv 6, DK-1050 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Chair of Ecological Systems Design, Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

Despite decades of research on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), fundamental obstacles remain to addressing worldwide contamination by these chemicals and their associated impacts on environmental quality and health. Here, we propose six urgent questions relevant to science, technology, and policy that must be tackled to address the “PFAS problem”: (1) What are the global production volumes of PFAS, and where are PFAS used? (2) Where are the unknown PFAS hotspots in the environment? (3) How can we make measuring PFAS globally accessible? (4) How can we safely manage PFAS-containing waste? (5) How do we understand and describe the health effects of PFAS exposure? (6) Who pays the costs of PFAS contamination? The importance of each question and barriers to progress are briefly described, and several potential paths forward are proposed. Given the diversity of PFAS and their uses, the extreme persistence of most PFAS, the striking ongoing lack of fundamental information, and the inequity of the health and environmental impacts from PFAS contamination, there is a need for scientific and regulatory communities to work together, with cooperation from PFAS-related industries, to fill in critical data gaps and protect human health and the environment.

中文翻译：

解决 21 世纪 PFAS 的紧迫问题

尽管对全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 进行了数十年的研究，但解决全球范围内这些化学品的污染及其对环境质量和健康的相关影响仍然存在根本障碍。在此，我们提出解决“PFAS问题”必须解决的六个与科学、技术和政策相关的紧迫问题：（1）全球PFAS产量是多少，PFAS在哪里使用？ (2) 环境中未知的PFAS热点在哪里？ (3) 我们如何才能在全球范围内实现 PFAS 测量？ (4) 如何安全管理含有 PFAS 的废物？ (5) 我们如何理解和描述PFAS暴露对健康的影响？ (6) PFAS污染的成本谁来承担？简要描述了每个问题的重要性和进展障碍，并提出了几种潜在的前进道路。鉴于 PFAS 及其用途的多样性、大多数 PFAS 的极端持久性、基本信息的持续缺乏以及 PFAS 污染对健康和环境影响的不平等，科学界和监管界需要共同努力，与 PFAS 相关行业合作，填补关键数据空白，保护人类健康和环境。

更新日期：2021-10-06

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