This review is written to introduce infrared photon detectors based on solution-processable semiconductors. A new generation of solution-processable photon detectors have been reported in the past few decades based on colloidal quantum dots, two-dimensional materials, organics semiconductors, and perovskites. These materials offer sensitivity within the infrared spectral regions and the advantages of ease of fabrication at low temperature, tunable materials properties, mechanical flexibility, scalability to large areas, and compatibility with monolithic integration, rendering them as promising alternatives for infrared sensing when compared to vacuum-processed counterparts that require rigorous lattice matching during integration. This work focuses on infrared detection using disordered semiconductors so as to articulate how the inherent device physics and behaviors are different from conventional crystalline semiconductors. The performance of each material family is summarized in tables, and device designs unique to solution-processed materials, including narrowband photodetectors and pixel-less up-conversion imagers, are highlighted in application prototypes distinct from conventional infrared cameras. We share our perspectives in examining open challenges for the development of solution-processable infrared detectors and comment on recent research directions in our community to leverage the advantages of solution-processable materials and advance their implementation in next-generation infrared sensing and imaging applications.

这篇评论旨在介绍基于可溶液加工半导体的红外光子探测器。在过去的几十年中，已经报道了基于胶体量子点、二维材料、有机半导体和钙钛矿的新一代可溶液处理的光子探测器。这些材料在红外光谱区域内具有灵敏度，并且具有在低温下易于制造、材料特性可调、机械灵活性、大面积可扩展性以及与单片集成的兼容性等优点，与真空相比，它们成为红外传感的有前途的替代品- 在集成过程中需要严格晶格匹配的处理对应物。这项工作侧重于使用无序半导体进行红外检测，以阐明固有的器件物理和行为与传统晶体半导体的不同之处。每个材料系列的性能都在表格中进行了总结，并且在不同于传统红外相机的应用原型中突出了解决方案处理材料独有的设备设计，包括窄带光电探测器和无像素上转换成像器。我们分享了我们在研究可溶液处理红外探测器开发面临的开放挑战方面的观点，并对我们社区最近的研究方向发表评论，以利用可溶液处理材料的优势并推进其在下一代红外传感和成像应用中的实施。