Stem Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,Stem Cell Reviews and Reports

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Stem Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Stem Cell Reviews and Reports ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10257-0
Laura Villarreal-Martínez ₁ , Gerardo González-Martínez ₁ , Melissa Sáenz-Flores ₂ , Andrea Judith Bautista-Gómez ₁ , Adrián González-Martínez ₁ , Miguel Ortiz-Castillo ₁ , David Alejandro Robles-Sáenz ₁ , Elizabeth Garza-López ₂

Affiliation

Objective

Assess the safety and efficacy of upcoming stem cell treatments and analyze their effects on the cognitive and behavioral impairments in patients diagnosed with autism.

Methods

We included controlled and noncontrolled, randomized and non-randomized trials evaluating stem cell therapy as a treatment in patients with autism spectrum disorder compared to placebo or without comparator. Data Sources: Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE and EMBASE. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool and the NIH’s Quality Assessment Tool for Studies With No Control Group.

Results

Eleven trials including 461 patients proved eligible. ABC scale meta-analysis showed a mean raw of -11.97 in the intervention groups (95 % CI -91.45 to 67.52, p < 0.01). CARS scale reported a mean raw of -9.08 (95 % CI -15.43 to -2.73, p < 0.01). VABS scale was reported by their domains: communication domain reported a mean raw of 2.69 (95 % CI 1.30 to 4.08, p = 0.92); daily living domain, 1.99 (95 % CI 0.83 to 3.15, p = 0.51); motor domain, 1.06 (95 % CI -0.37 to 2.48, p = 0.20); socialization domain, 3.09 (95 % CI 1.71 to 4.48, p = 0.61); adaptive behavior domain, 2.10 (95 % CI 1.04 to 3.16, p = 0.36). Furthermore, the most common side effects reported included fever, hyperactivity, vomit, headache, and aggressiveness; no serious adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

The body of evidence suggests that stem cell therapy significantly improves scales in patients with autism spectrum disorder, hence, future studies should help us have more confidence in the results. We found no serious adverse events related to the stem cell therapy.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

干细胞疗法治疗自闭症谱系障碍：系统评价和荟萃分析

客观的

评估即将推出的干细胞治疗的安全性和有效性，并分析它们对被诊断患有自闭症的患者的认知和行为障碍的影响。

方法

我们纳入了对照和非对照、随机和非随机试验，评估干细胞治疗作为自闭症谱系障碍患者的治疗方法，与安慰剂或无对照相比。数据来源：Scopus、Web of Science、MEDLINE 和 EMBASE。使用 Cochrane 的偏倚风险工具和 NIH 的无对照组研究质量评估工具评估偏倚风险。

结果

包括 461 名患者在内的 11 项试验被证明符合条件。ABC 规模荟萃分析显示干预组的平均原始值为 -11.97（95 % CI -91.45 至 67.52，p < 0.01）。CARS 量表报告的平均原始值为 -9.08（95 % CI -15.43 至 -2.73，p < 0.01）。VABS 量表由他们的领域报告：通信领域报告的平均原始值为 2.69（95 % CI 1.30 至 4.08，p = 0.92）；日常生活领域，1.99（95 % CI 0.83 至 3.15，p = 0.51）；运动域，1.06（95 % CI -0.37 至 2.48，p = 0.20）；社会化领域，3.09（95 % CI 1.71 至 4.48，p = 0.61）；自适应行为域，2.10（95 % CI 1.04 至 3.16，p = 0.36）。此外，报告的最常见副作用包括发烧、多动、呕吐、头痛和攻击性；没有报告严重的不良事件。