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Longitudinal 18F-MK-6240 tau tangles accumulation follows Braak stages
Brain ( IF 14.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-30 , DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab248
Tharick A Pascoal 1, 2, 3 , Andrea L Benedet 1, 4 , Dana L Tudorascu 3 , Joseph Therriault 1 , Sulantha Mathotaarachchi 1 , Melissa Savard 1 , Firoza Z Lussier 1 , Cécile Tissot 1 , Mira Chamoun 1 , Min Su Kang 1, 2 , Jenna Stevenson 1 , Gassan Massarweh 2 , Marie-Christine Guiot 2 , Jean-Paul Soucy 2 , Serge Gauthier 1 , Pedro Rosa-Neto 1, 2
Affiliation  

Tracking longitudinal tau tangles accumulation across the Alzheimer’s disease continuum is crucial to better understand the natural history of tau pathology and for clinical trials. Although the available first-generation tau PET tracers detect tau accumulation in symptomatic individuals, their nanomolar affinity offers limited sensitivity to detect early tau accumulation in asymptomatic subjects. Here, we hypothesized the novel subnanomolar affinity tau tangles tracer 18F-MK-6240 can detect longitudinal tau accumulation in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects. We studied 125 living individuals (65 cognitively unimpaired elderly amyloid-β-negative, 22 cognitively unimpaired elderly amyloid-β-positive, 21 mild cognitive impairment amyloid-β-positive and 17 Alzheimer’s disease dementia amyloid-β-positive individuals) with baseline amyloid-β 18F-AZD4694 PET and baseline and follow-up tau 18F-MK-6240 PET. The 18F-MK-6240 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) was calculated at 90–110 min after tracer injection and the cerebellar crus I was used as the reference region. In addition, we assessed the in vivo18F-MK-6240 SUVR and post-mortem phosphorylated tau pathology in two participants with Alzheimer’s disease dementia who died after the PET scans. We found that the cognitively unimpaired amyloid-β-negative individuals had significant longitudinal tau accumulation confined to the PET Braak-like stage I (3.9%) and II (2.8%) areas. The cognitively unimpaired amyloid-β-positive individuals showed greater tau accumulation in Braak-like stage I (8.9%) compared with later Braak stages. The patients with mild cognitive impairment and those who were Alzheimer’s dementia amyloid-β-positive exhibited tau accumulation in Braak regions III–VI but not I–II. Cognitively impaired amyloid-β-positive individuals that were Braak II–IV at baseline displayed a 4.6–7.5% annual increase in tau accumulation in the Braak III–IV regions, whereas those who were cognitively impaired amyloid-β-positive Braak V–VI at baseline showed an 8.3–10.7% annual increase in the Braak regions V–VI. Neuropathological assessments confirmed PET-based Braak stages V–VI in the two brain donors. Our results suggest that the 18F-MK-6240 SUVR is able to detect longitudinal tau accumulation in asymptomatic and symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease. The highest magnitude of 18F-MK-6240 SUVR accumulation moved from the medial temporal to sensorimotor cortex across the disease clinical spectrum. Trials using the 18F-MK-6240 SUVR in cognitively unimpaired individuals would be required to use regions of interest corresponding to early Braak stages, whereas trials in cognitively impaired subjects would benefit from using regions of interest associated with late Braak stages. Anti-tau trials should take into consideration an individual’s baseline PET Braak-like stage to minimize the variability introduced by the hierarchical accumulation of tau tangles in the human brain. Finally, our post-mortem findings supported use of the 18F-MK-6240 SUVR as a biomarker to stage tau pathology in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.

中文翻译:

纵向 18F-MK-6240 tau 缠结积累遵循 Braak 阶段

跟踪阿尔茨海默病连续体中的纵向 tau 缠结积累对于更好地了解 tau 病理学的自然史和临床试验至关重要。尽管可用的第一代 tau PET 示踪剂检测有症状个体的 tau 积累,但它们的纳摩尔亲和力对检测无症状受试者的早期 tau 积累的敏感性有限。在这里,我们假设新型亚纳摩尔亲和力 tau 缠结示踪剂 18F-MK-6240 可以检测无症状和有症状受试者的纵向 tau 积累。我们研究了 125 名活着的人(65 名认知未受损的老年淀粉样蛋白-β-阴性,22 名认知未受损的老年淀粉样蛋白-β-阳性,21 名轻度认知障碍淀粉样蛋白-β 阳性和 17 名阿尔茨海默病痴呆淀粉样蛋白-β 阳性个体)具有基线淀粉样蛋白-β 18F-AZD4694 PET 以及基线和后续 tau 18F-MK-6240 PET。在示踪剂注射后 90-110 分钟计算 18F-MK-6240 标准化摄取值比 (SUVR),并以小脑小腿 I 作为参考区域。此外,我们评估了两名在 PET 扫描后死亡的阿尔茨海默病痴呆患者的体内 18F-MK-6240 SUVR 和死后磷酸化 tau 病理学。我们发现,认知未受损的β-淀粉样蛋白阴性个体在 PET Braak 样 I 期 (3.9%) 和 II (2.8%) 区域具有显着的纵向 tau 积累。认知未受损的β-淀粉样蛋白阳性个体在 Braak 样 I 期(8. 9%)与后来的 Braak 阶段相比。轻度认知障碍患者和阿尔茨海默病痴呆β-淀粉样蛋白阳性患者在 Braak III-VI 区而非 I-II 区表现出 tau 积累。基线时为 Braak II-IV 的认知受损的淀粉样蛋白-β 阳性个体在 Braak III-IV 区域的 tau 积累每年增加 4.6-7.5%,而认知受损的淀粉样蛋白-β 阳性的 Braak V-VI 个体在基线显示,布拉克地区 V-VI 的年增长率为 8.3-10.7%。神经病理学评估证实了两名脑供体中基于 PET 的 Braak 阶段 V-VI。我们的结果表明,18F-MK-6240 SUVR 能够检测无症状和有症状阿尔茨海默病中 tau 的纵向积累。18F-MK-6240 SUVR 积累的最高量级从内侧颞叶转移到整个疾病临床谱中的感觉运动皮层。在认知未受损个体中使用 18F-MK-6240 SUVR 的试验将需要使用与早期 Braak 阶段相对应的感兴趣区域,而在认知受损受试者中的试验将受益于使用与晚期 Braak 阶段相关的感兴趣区域。抗 tau 试验应考虑个人的基线 PET Braak 样阶段,以尽量减少人脑中 tau 缠结的分层积累所引入的可变性。最后,我们的尸检结果支持使用 18F-MK-6240 SUVR 作为阿尔茨海默病患者 tau 病理分期的生物标志物。在认知未受损个体中使用 18F-MK-6240 SUVR 的试验将需要使用与早期 Braak 阶段相对应的感兴趣区域,而在认知受损受试者中的试验将受益于使用与晚期 Braak 阶段相关的感兴趣区域。抗 tau 试验应考虑个人的基线 PET Braak 样阶段,以尽量减少人脑中 tau 缠结的分层积累所引入的可变性。最后,我们的尸检结果支持使用 18F-MK-6240 SUVR 作为阿尔茨海默病患者 tau 病理分期的生物标志物。在认知未受损个体中使用 18F-MK-6240 SUVR 的试验将需要使用与早期 Braak 阶段相对应的感兴趣区域,而在认知受损受试者中的试验将受益于使用与晚期 Braak 阶段相关的感兴趣区域。抗 tau 试验应考虑个人的基线 PET Braak 样阶段,以尽量减少人脑中 tau 缠结的分层积累所引入的可变性。最后,我们的尸检结果支持使用 18F-MK-6240 SUVR 作为阿尔茨海默病患者 tau 病理分期的生物标志物。而认知受损受试者的试验将受益于使用与晚期 Braak 阶段相关的感兴趣区域。抗 tau 试验应考虑个人的基线 PET Braak 样阶段,以尽量减少人脑中 tau 缠结的分层积累所引入的可变性。最后,我们的尸检结果支持使用 18F-MK-6240 SUVR 作为阿尔茨海默病患者 tau 病理分期的生物标志物。而认知受损受试者的试验将受益于使用与晚期 Braak 阶段相关的感兴趣区域。抗 tau 试验应考虑个人的基线 PET Braak 样阶段,以尽量减少人脑中 tau 缠结的分层积累所引入的可变性。最后,我们的尸检结果支持使用 18F-MK-6240 SUVR 作为阿尔茨海默病患者 tau 病理分期的生物标志物。
更新日期:2021-06-30
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