Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease involving a progressive alteration of the motor and non-motor function. PD influences the patient's daily living and reduces participation and quality of life in all phases of the disease. Early physical exercise can mitigate the effects of symptoms but access to specialist care is difficult. With current technological progress, telemedicine, and telerehabilitation is now a viable option for managing patients, although few studies have investigated the use of telerehabilitation in PD. In this systematic review, was investigated whether telerehabilitation leads to improvements in global or specific motor tasks (gait and balance, hand function) and non-motor dysfunction (motor speech disorder, dysphagia). The impact of TR on quality of life and patient satisfaction, were also assessed. The usage of telerehabilitation technologies in the management of cognitive impairment was not addressed. Method: An electronic database search was performed using the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, COCHRANE Library, PEDro, and SCOPUS for data published between January 2005 and December 2019 on the effects of telerehabilitation systems in managing motor and non-motor symptoms. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guideline and was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42020141300). Results: A total of 15 articles involving 421 patients affected by PD were analyzed. The articles were divided into two categories based on their topic of interest or outcome. The first category consisted of the effects of telerehabilitation on gait and balance (3), dexterity of the upper limbs (3), and bradykinesia (0); the second category regarded non-motor symptoms such as speech disorders (8) and dysphagia (0). Quality of life (7) and patient satisfaction (8) following telerehabilitation programs were also analyzed, as well as feasibility and costs. Conclusion: Telerehabilitation is feasible in people affected by PD. Our analysis of the available data highlighted that telerehabilitation systems are effective in maintaining and/or improving some clinical and non-clinical aspects of PD (balance and gait, speech and voice, quality of life, patient satisfaction). Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42020141300.

中文翻译：

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远程康复对帕金森病患者运动障碍、非运动症状和依从性的有效性：系统评价。

简介：帕金森病 (PD) 是一种慢性神经退行性疾病，涉及运动和非运动功能的进行性改变。PD 会影响患者的日常生活并降低其在疾病各个阶段的参与度和生活质量。早期的体育锻炼可以减轻症状的影响，但很难获得专科护理。随着当前的技术进步，远程医疗和远程康复现在是管理患者的可行选择，尽管很少有研究调查远程康复在 PD 中的使用。在这篇系统评价中，研究了远程康复是否会导致整体或特定运动任务（步态和平衡、手部功能）和非运动功能障碍（运动性言语障碍、吞咽困难）的改善。TR对生活质量和患者满意度的影响，也被评估了。远程康复技术在认知障碍管理中的使用没有得到解决。方法：使用以下数据库进行电子数据库搜索：PubMed/MEDLINE、COCHRANE 图书馆、PEDro 和 SCOPUS，以获取 2005 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间发布的关于远程康复系统在管理运动和非运动症状方面的影响的数据。该系统评价是按照 PRISMA 指南进行的，并已在 PROSPERO 数据库 (CRD42020141300) 中注册。结果：共分析了 15 篇文章，涉及 421 名 PD 患者。这些文章根据他们感兴趣的主题或结果分为两类。第一类包括远程康复对步态和平衡的影响 (3)、上肢的灵巧性 (3)、和运动迟缓 (0); 第二类是非运动症状，如言语障碍 (8) 和吞咽困难 (0)。还分析了远程康复计划后的生活质量 (7) 和患者满意度 (8)，以及可行性和成本。结论：远程康复在受 PD 影响的人群中是可行的。我们对可用数据的分析强调，远程康复系统在维持和/或改善 PD 的某些临床和非临床方面（平衡和步态、言语和声音、生活质量、患者满意度）方面是有效的。系统审核注册：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/，标识符：CRD42020141300。还分析了远程康复计划后的生活质量 (7) 和患者满意度 (8)，以及可行性和成本。结论：远程康复在受 PD 影响的人群中是可行的。我们对可用数据的分析强调，远程康复系统在维持和/或改善 PD 的某些临床和非临床方面（平衡和步态、言语和声音、生活质量、患者满意度）方面是有效的。系统审核注册：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/，标识符：CRD42020141300。还分析了远程康复计划后的生活质量 (7) 和患者满意度 (8)，以及可行性和成本。结论：远程康复在受 PD 影响的人群中是可行的。我们对可用数据的分析强调，远程康复系统在维持和/或改善 PD 的某些临床和非临床方面（平衡和步态、言语和声音、生活质量、患者满意度）方面是有效的。系统审核注册：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/，标识符：CRD42020141300。我们对可用数据的分析强调，远程康复系统在维持和/或改善 PD 的某些临床和非临床方面（平衡和步态、言语和声音、生活质量、患者满意度）方面是有效的。系统审核注册：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/，标识符：CRD42020141300。我们对可用数据的分析强调，远程康复系统在维持和/或改善 PD 的某些临床和非临床方面（平衡和步态、言语和声音、生活质量、患者满意度）方面是有效的。系统审核注册：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/，标识符：CRD42020141300。