Cellulose ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s10570-021-04180-3 Mani Pujitha Illa 1, 2 , Kalyani Peddapapannagari 1 , Siju Cherikkattil Raghavan 1 , Mudrika Khandelwal 1 , Chandra S. Sharma 2
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Abstract
The most commonly occurring biopolymer, cellulose, is typically extracted from plants and trees after harsh chemical processing. Bacterial cellulose (BC), produced by a simple fermentation process using sugar-rich media, is superior to plant cellulose owing to its purity, porosity, crystallinity, water holding capacity, and nanofibrous nature. However, the application of BC is still limited owing to the need for application-specific tunability. The benchtop production of BC in a controlled environment allows in situ tunability of its structure and morphology during synthesis (pre-production and during-production), in addition to the conventional post-production strategies. A review of literature on various modification strategies with an emphasis on in situ modifications is presented and their capability to alter crystallinity, porosity, nanofiber dimensions, mechanical properties, and yield are discussed in detail. This review concludes with a section dedicated to the future scope of applications of BC which can be primarily enabled by in situ modifications.
Graphic abstract
中文翻译：
细菌衍生的分级纳米纤维素的原位可调性：现状和机遇
摘要
最常见的生物聚合物纤维素通常是在经过严格的化学处理后从植物和树木中提取的。细菌纤维素 (BC) 使用富含糖的培养基通过简单的发酵过程生产，由于其纯度、孔隙率、结晶度、保水能力和纳米纤维性质，因此优于植物纤维素。然而，由于需要特定于应用程序的可调性，BC 的应用仍然受到限制。除了传统的后期制作策略外，在受控环境中的台式生产 BC 还允许在合成期间（生产前和生产期间）对其结构和形态进行原位可调。综述了各种改性策略的文献，重点是原位改性，以及它们改变结晶度、孔隙度、详细讨论了纳米纤维尺寸、机械性能和产量。本次审查的最后一节专门介绍 BC 的未来应用范围，主要通过原位修改实现。
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