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A Shape-Variable, Low-Temperature Liquid Metal–Conductive Polymer Aqueous Secondary Battery
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-13 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202107062
Hao Fu 1 , Guicheng Liu 1 , Lingyun Xiong 1 , Manxiang Wang 1 , Jeongwoo Lee 1 , Ren Ren 2 , Woochul Yang 1 , Joong Kee Lee 2
Affiliation  

A shape-variable aqueous secondary battery operating at low temperature is developed using Ga68In22Sn10 (wt%) as a liquid metal anode and a conductive polymer (polyaniline (PANI)) cathode. In the GaInSn alloy anode, Ga is the active component, while Sn and In increase the acid resistance and decrease the eutectic point to -19 °C. This enables the use of strongly acidic aqueous electrolytes (here, pH 0.9), thereby improving the activity and stability of the PANI cathode. Consequently, the battery exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and mechanical stability. The GaInSn–PANI battery operates via a hybrid mechanism of Ga3+ stripping/plating and Cl insertion/extraction and delivers a high reversible capacity of over 223.9 mAh g−1 and an 80.3% retention rate at 0.2 A g−1 after 500 cycles, as well as outstanding power and energy densities of 4300 mW g−1 and 98.7 mWh g−1, respectively. Because of the liquid anode, the battery without packaging can be deformed with a small force of several millinewtons without any capacity loss. Moreover, at approximately -5 °C, the battery delivers a capacity of 67.8 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 with 100% elasticity. Thus, the battery is promising as a deformable energy device at low temperatures and in demanding environments.

中文翻译:

一种形状可变的低温液态金属-导电聚合物水性二次电池

使用Ga 68 In 22 Sn 10 (wt%) 作为液态金属阳极和导电聚合物(聚苯胺(PANI))阴极开发了一种在低温下运行的形状可变的水性二次电池。在 GaInSn 合金阳极中,Ga 是活性成分,而 Sn 和 In 提高了耐酸性并将共晶点降低到 -19 °C。这使得可以使用强酸性水性电解质(此处为 pH 0.9),从而提高 PANI 阴极的活性和稳定性。因此,电池表现出优异的电化学性能和机械稳定性。GaInSn-PANI 电池通过 Ga 3+剥离/电镀和 Cl -的混合机制运行插入/提取并提供超过 223.9 mAh g -1的高可逆容量和500 次循环后在 0.2 A g -1 下的保留率为 80.3% ,以及 4300 mW g -1和 98.7 mWh g 的出色功率和能量密度-1,分别。由于采用液态阳极,无需包装的电池只需几毫牛顿的小力即可使电池变形,而不会造成任何容量损失。此外,在大约 -5 °C 时,电池在 0.2 A g -1时提供 67.8 mAh g -1的容量,具有 100% 的弹性。因此,电池有望成为低温和苛刻环境下的可变形能源设备。
更新日期:2021-09-13
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