Superior Rate Mesoporous Carbon Sphere Array Composite via Intercalation and Conversion Coupling Mechanisms for Potassium-Ion Capacitors,Advanced Functional Materials

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Superior Rate Mesoporous Carbon Sphere Array Composite via Intercalation and Conversion Coupling Mechanisms for Potassium-Ion Capacitors
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-12 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202107728
Hongxin Liu ₁ , Wulin Zhang ₁ , Yan Song ₁ , Lanlan Li ₁ , Chengwei Zhang ₁ , Gongkai Wang ₁

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Carbonaceous materials have been usually adopted as the anode for high energy density potassium-ion hybrid capacitors (KICs) owing to their low voltage plateau, high conductivity, and excellent electrochemical compatibility. The improvements of their specific capacity and sluggish intercalation mechanism are still challenges to further boost the energy density of KICs while maintaining high power density and long cycle life. Herein, a N-doped mesoporous carbon sphere array composite is developed by a dual-templates method. The N-doped carbon sphere array with interpenetrated macro- and meso-pores facilitates the fast electron transport and rapid K⁺ diffusion. The uniformly introduced Co₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) confined in the array enable a kinetically boosted conversion reaction for excess and fast K⁺ storage. The partially oxidized Co NPs can efficiently enhance the conductivity of the entire composite. By introducing this optimized conversion capacity from encapsulated Co₃O₄ NPs, the composite with intercalation and conversion coupling mechanisms displays superior capacity and cycle life. The assembled KICs exhibit high energy/power densities (148 Wh kg⁻¹/124 W kg⁻¹) and great cycling performance (94% after 5000 cycles, 0.5 A g⁻¹). This promising strategy demonstrates an example for carbonaceous composite anode with synergistic K⁺ storage hybrid mechanism toward high performance KICs.

中文翻译：

通过钾离子电容器的插层和转换耦合机制的高速率介孔碳球阵列复合材料

碳质材料由于其低电压平台、高电导率和优异的电化学兼容性，通常被用作高能量密度钾离子混合电容器（KIC）的阳极。其比容量的提高和缓慢的嵌入机制仍然是进一步提高 KIC 能量密度同时保持高功率密度和长循环寿命的挑战。在此，通过双模板方法开发了一种 N 掺杂的介孔碳球阵列复合材料。具有相互渗透的大孔和中孔的 N 掺杂碳球阵列促进了快速电子传输和快速 K ⁺扩散。均匀引入的 Co ₃ O ₄限制在阵列中的纳米颗粒 (NPs) 能够在动力学上促进转化反应，以实现过量和快速的 K ⁺存储。部分氧化的 Co NPs 可以有效地提高整个复合材料的电导率。通过从封装的 Co ₃ O ₄ NP引入这种优化的转化能力，具有嵌入和转化耦合机制的复合材料显示出优异的容量和循环寿命。组装的 KIC 表现出高能量/功率密度（148 Wh kg ^-1 /124 W kg ^-1）和良好的循环性能（5000 次循环后 94%，0.5 A g ^-1）。这种有前景的策略展示了具有协同 K ^{+ 的}碳质复合阳极的示例面向高性能 KIC 的存储混合机制。

更新日期：2021-09-12

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