Abstract

Chlorpyrifos is a widely used agricultural insecticide. Chlorpyrifos exposure affects brain development and children’s overall health. The objective of this study was to assess the health risks from skin exposure to chlorpyrifos and to investigate the factors associated with chlorpyrifos exposure among children in agricultural areas. Residual chlorpyrifos samples were collected from the hands and feet of 130 children (aged 1–3) to analyze chlorpyrifos content using high-pressure liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. Chlorpyrifos residues were detected on the skin of 73.1% of the children tested. The health risk assessment of non-cancerous effects showed that children had dermal chlorpyrifos exposure at 1.46 × 10⁻⁵mg/kg-day, and the hazard quotient (HQ) of child dermal chlorpyrifos exposure was 0.03, which is an acceptable level. The frequency of accompanying parents to pesticide-sprayed areas was significantly associated with dermal chlorpyrifos exposure levels in children (OR_adjust =1.44, 95%CI =1.02–2.03). However, children in agricultural areas may be subject to additional health risks from exposure to other pesticides through respiration and ingestion. Therefore, they should not be allowed to accompany their parents to agricultural areas, and a program to prevent pesticides from affecting children in these areas should be developed.

摘要

毒死蜱是一种广泛使用的农业杀虫剂。毒死蜱暴露会影响大脑发育和儿童的整体健康。本研究的目的是评估皮肤接触毒死蜱的健康风险，并调查农业地区儿童接触毒死蜱的相关因素。从 130 名儿童（1-3 岁）的手脚中收集残留的毒死蜱样本，使用带二极管阵列检测器的高压液相色谱法分析毒死蜱的含量。在 73.1% 的受试儿童的皮肤上检测到毒死蜱残留。非癌性效应的健康风险评估表明，儿童皮肤毒死蜱暴露量为 1.46 × 10 ^-5mg/kg-day，儿童皮肤毒死蜱暴露的危害商数 (HQ) 为 0.03，这是一个可接受的水平。陪同父母前往喷洒农药区域的频率与儿童皮肤毒死蜱暴露水平显着相关（OR_调整=1.44，95%CI=1.02-2.03）。然而，农业地区的儿童可能会因呼吸和摄入而接触到其他杀虫剂而面临额外的健康风险。因此，不应让他们陪伴父母到农业区，并应制定一项计划，以防止农药对这些地区的儿童造成影响。