The pendular spectra of linear ${({\rm HCCCN})_n}\;({\rm n} = {1 {-} 3})$ molecules at several rotational temperatures under a certain range of electric field strength $E$ are calculated using the finite element matrix diagonalization method. In addition, the normalized “$Q$-branch” intensity $({I_Q})$ and the gradient $({K_E})$ of ${I_Q}$ under corresponding conditions are investigated. Based on the results, the range and sensitivity of measuring the electric field strength with linear ${({\rm HCCCN})_{n\:}}({\rm n} = {1 - 3})$ molecules are analyzed. A scheme to measure electric field strength based on ${({\rm HCCCN})_{n\:}}({\rm n} = {1 - 3})$ with high sensitivity is proposed and the spatial resolution is also discussed. The feasibility of measuring the electric field strength of the electrostatic Stark decelerator based on a pendular spectrum is studied.

中文翻译：

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基于线性 (HCCCN)n (n = 1−3) 分子的摆谱测量电场强度的理论研究

线性${({\rm HCCCN})_n}\;({\rm n} = {1 {-} 3})$分子在一定电场强度范围下在几个旋转温度下的摆谱$E$使用有限元矩阵对角化方法计算。此外，归一化“ $ Q $分枝”强度$（{I_Q}）$和梯度$（{K_E}）$的$ {I_Q} $对应的条件下进行了研究。在此基础上，分析了线性${({\rm HCCCN})_{n\:}}({\rm n} = {1 - 3})$分子测量电场强度的范围和灵敏度. 一种基于电场强度的测量方案提出了具有高灵敏度的${({\rm HCCCN})_{n\:}}({\rm n} = {1 - 3})$并讨论了空间分辨率。研究了基于摆谱测量静电斯塔克减速器电场强度的可行性。