The local and extra-regional (national and transnational) stones mainly used as building and ornamental materials in the historic centre of Urbino (UNESCO World Heritage List) were unravelled through a detailed geological and petrographic study. The types of building stones used in the past for the development of an urban centre were mostly affected by the availability of suitable geomaterials in the surrounding areas. For this reason, the stones found in the historical buildings of Urbino generally come from the local sedimentary formations (mostly limestones) belonging to the Umbria–Marche–Romagna Succession Auct., which crops out in the Northern Marche Apennines. Only some ornamental highly prized stones used for monuments and decorations come from both extra-regional Italian areas (Alps, other sectors of the Northern Apennines) and foreign countries (France, Egypt). A brief description of the Northern Marche geology was also reported to exactly match the local provenance of the stones, so highlighting the relationship between the territory and the architecture of Urbino. Because of obvious conservation reasons, no samples were collected from buildings or monuments and only autoptic observations, together with a detailed historical and bibliographic research, were carried out to identify the different materials and the provenance areas. Besides the availability of the local sedimentary rocks, we emphasised how the choice of the building and ornamental stones could have been also influenced by the historic period and artistic style, aesthetic features, economic and social importance of the building and/or monument and the relationship to some distinguished personality (e.g., Pope Clemente XI). An open-air stone itinerary across significant places (10 stops and additional sites and monuments in the urban area) is finally proposed for the best fruition of the geological and cultural heritage of Urbino, also aimed at geotourism development.

通过详细的地质和岩相研究，在乌尔比诺历史中心（联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录）中主要用作建筑和装饰材料的当地和区域外​​（国家和跨国）石头被解开。过去用于开发城市中心的建筑石材类型主要受周边地区是否有合适的地质材料的影响。因此，在乌尔比诺历史建筑中发现的石头通常来自属于翁布里亚-马尔凯-罗马涅继承拍卖会的当地沉积地层（主要是石灰岩）.，在北马尔凯亚平宁山脉出现。只有一些用于纪念碑和装饰品的装饰性非常珍贵的石头来自意大利的区域外地区（阿尔卑斯山、北亚平宁山脉的其他地区）和外国（法国、埃及）。据报道，还对北马尔凯地质的简要描述与石头的当地出处完全匹配，因此突出了领土与乌尔比诺建筑之间的关系。由于明显的保护原因，没有从建筑物或纪念碑中收集样本，仅进行了自动观察，并进行了详细的历史和书目研究，以确定不同的材料和出处。除了当地沉积岩的可用性外，. ，教皇克莱门特十一世）。最终提出了跨越重要地点（10 个站点和市区内的其他地点和纪念碑）的露天石头行程，以实现乌尔比诺的地质和文化遗产的最佳成果，也旨在发展地质旅游。