Nations and companies are forced to reduce CO2 emissions and decelerate global warming. In this development, the transition of the heating sector is still in its infancy despite the relatively large share of thermal energy in the total energy consumption. Industrial companies can contribute significantly to reduce CO2 emissions by using waste heat through connecting their industrial energy supply system (IESS) to a district heating system (DHS). This paper focuses on emission reduction potential of an (industrial) heat transfer station (HTS) regarding energy flexibility and sector coupling required for the successful integration of industrial waste heat. To optimize the operating behaviour of the HTS, a data and optimization model is integrated into a digital twin (DT) based on reference architecture model for industry 4.0 (RAMI4.0). Within the DT, the information, functional and business layer are modeled. The effects of operating the HTS supported by central modules of the DT are evaluated on one year’s data of an IESS of a real industrial site. The results show a potential operating cost reduction by 6 % for the IESS and increases in profits of 1.3 % for the DHS. Scope 2 emissions can be reduced by 25 % for the IESS and 180 % for the DHS respectively, strongly depending on emission factors and allocation methods.

中文翻译：

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提高能源灵活性的工业换热站数据及优化模型

国家和公司被迫减少二氧化碳排放并减缓全球变暖。在这一发展过程中，尽管热能在能源消费总量中的比重相对较大，但供热行业的转型仍处于起步阶段。工业公司可以通过将其工业能源供应系统 (IESS) 连接到区域供热系统 (DHS) 来利用废热，从而为减少二氧化碳排放做出重大贡献。本文重点讨论（工业）换热站 (HTS) 在能源灵活性和成功整合工业废热所需的部门耦合方面的减排潜力。为了优化 HTS 的运行行为，基于工业 4.0 (RAMI4.0) 参考架构模型将数据和优化模型集成到数字孪生 (DT) 中。在 DT 内，对信息层、功能层和业务层进行建模。运行由 DT 中心模块支持的 HTS 的效果是根据一个真实工业现场的 IESS 一年的数据来评估的。结果表明，IESS 的潜在运营成本降低了 6%，而 DHS 的利润增加了 1.3%。IESS 的范围 2 排放可以分别减少 25% 和 DHS 的 180%，这在很大程度上取决于排放因子和分配方法。