Industrial enterprises represent a significant portion of electricity consumers with the potential of providing demand-side energy flexibility from their production processes and on-site energy assets. Methods are needed for the active and profitable participation of such enterprises in the electricity markets especially with variable prices, where the energy flexibility available in their manufacturing, utility and energy systems can be assessed and quantified. This paper presents a generic model library equipped with optimal control for energy flexibility purposes. The components in the model library represent the different technical units of an industrial enterprise on material, media, and energy flow levels with their process constraints. The paper also presents a case study simulation of a steel-powder manufacturing plant using the model library. Its energy flexibility was assessed when the plant procured its electrical energy at fixed and variable electricity prices. In the simulated case study, flexibility use at dynamic prices resulted in a 6% cost reduction compared to a fixed-price scenario, with battery storage and the manufacturing system making the largest contributions to flexibility.

中文翻译：

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工业企业积极参与电力市场——通用建模方法

工业企业占电力消费者的很大一部分，具有从其生产过程和现场能源资产提供需求侧能源灵活性的潜力。需要一些方法来让这些企业积极和有利可图地参与电力市场，尤其是价格可变的电力市场，在这些市场中，可以评估和量化其制造、公用事业和能源系统中可用的能源灵活性。本文提出了一个通用模型库，该库配备了用于能量灵活性目的的优化控制。模型库中的组件代表了工业企业在材料、介质和能量流水平上的不同技术单元及其过程约束。本文还介绍了使用模型库对钢粉制造厂进行的案例研究模拟。当工厂以固定和可变的电价采购电能时，对其能源灵活性进行了评估。在模拟案例研究中，与固定价格方案相比，以动态价格使用灵活性可降低 6% 的成本，其中电池存储和制造系统对灵活性的贡献最大。