Due to the increasing battery capacity of electric vehicles, European standard electricity socket-outlets at households are not enough for a full charge cycle overnight. Hence, people tend to install (semi-) fast charging wall-boxes (up to 22 kW) which can cause critical peak loads and voltage issues whenever many electric vehicles charge simultaneously in the same area.This paper proposes a centralized charging capacity allocation mechanism based on queuing systems that takes care of grid limitations and charging requirements of electric vehicles, including legacy charging control protocol restrictions. The proposed allocation mechanism dynamically updates the weights of the charging services in discrete time steps, such that electric vehicles with shorter remaining charging time and higher energy requirement are preferred against others. Furthermore, a set of metrics that determine the service quality for charging as a service is introduced. Among others, these metrics cover the ratio of charged energy to the required energy, the charging power variation during the charging process, as well as whether the upcoming trip is feasible or not. The proposed algorithm outperforms simpler scheduling policies in terms of achieved mean quality of service metric and fairness index in a co-simulation of the IEEE European low voltage grid configured with charging service requirements extracted from a mobility survey.

中文翻译：

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电动汽车充电即服务的服务质量和公平性

由于电动汽车的电池容量不断增加，家庭的欧洲标准电源插座不足以在一夜之间完成一个完整的充电周期。因此，人们倾向于安装（半）快速充电墙盒（高达 22 kW），当许多电动汽车在同一区域同时充电时，这会导致临界峰值负载和电压问题。 本文提出了一种集中充电容量分配机制基于排队系统，处理电动汽车的电网限制和充电要求，包括传统充电控制协议限制。所提出的分配机制以离散的时间步长动态更新充电服务的权重，使得具有较短剩余充电时间和较高能量需求的电动汽车比其他电动汽车更受青睐。此外，还引入了一组确定作为服务收费的服务质量的指标。其中，这些指标包括充电能量与所需能量的比率、充电过程中的充电功率变化以及即将到来的行程是否可行。在配置了从移动性调查中提取的充电服务要求的 IEEE 欧洲低压电网的联合仿真中，所提出的算法在实现的平均服务质量指标和公平指数方面优于更简单的调度策略。以及即将到来的旅行是否可行。在配置了从移动性调查中提取的充电服务要求的 IEEE 欧洲低压电网的联合仿真中，所提出的算法在实现的平均服务质量指标和公平指数方面优于更简单的调度策略。以及即将到来的旅行是否可行。在配置了从移动性调查中提取的充电服务要求的 IEEE 欧洲低压电网的联合仿真中，所提出的算法在实现的平均服务质量指标和公平指数方面优于更简单的调度策略。