We introduce an explicit function that describes virus-load curves on a patient-specific level. This function is based on simple and intuitive model parameters. It allows virus load analysis of acute viral infections without solving a full virus load dynamic model. We validate our model on data from mice influenza A, human rhinovirus data, human influenza A data, and monkey and human SARS-CoV-2 data. We find wide distributions for the model parameters, reflecting large variability in the disease outcomes between individuals. Further, we compare the virus load function to an established target model of virus dynamics, and we provide a new way to estimate the exponential growth rates of the corresponding infection phases. The virus load function, the target model, and the exponential approximations show excellent fits for the data considered. Our virus-load function offers a new way to analyze patient-specific virus load data, and it can be used as input for higher level models for the physiological effects of a virus infection, for models of tissue damage, and to estimate patient risks.

中文翻译：

---

急性病毒感染的个性化病毒载量曲线


我们引入了一个显式函数来描述患者特定水平的病毒载量曲线。该函数基于简单直观的模型参数。它允许对急性病毒感染进行病毒载量分析，而无需求解完整的病毒载量动态模型。我们利用小鼠甲型流感数据、人类鼻病毒数据、人类甲型流感数据以及猴子和人类 SARS-CoV-2 数据验证了我们的模型。我们发现模型参数分布广泛，反映出个体之间疾病结果的巨大差异。此外，我们将病毒载量函数与已建立的病毒动力学目标模型进行比较，并提供了一种估计相应感染阶段的指数增长率的新方法。病毒载量函数、目标模型和指数近似值与所考虑的数据非常吻合。我们的病毒载量函数提供了一种分析患者特定病毒载量数据的新方法，它可以用作病毒感染生理效应的更高级别模型、组织损伤模型以及估计患者风险的输入。