Apart from its beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors, an anti-inflammatory effect of exercise is strongly implicated. Yet, data regarding the effect of an exercise intervention on healthy individuals are limited and contradictory. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a physical activity intervention on the soluble form of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGEs) and its ligands S100A8/A9. A total of 332 young army recruits volunteered and 169 completed the study. The participants underwent the standard basic training of Greek army recruits. IL-6, IL-1β, S100A8/A9, and sRAGEs were measured at the beginning and at the end of the training period. Primary rodent adult aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were analyzed for responsiveness to direct stimulation with S100A8/A9 alone or in combination with sRAGEs. At the end of the training period, we observed a statistically significant reduction in S100A8/A9 (630.98 vs. 472.12 ng/mL, p = 0.001), IL-1β (9.39 [3.8, 44.14] vs. 5.03 [2.44, 27.3] vs. pg/mL, p = 0.001), and sRAGEs (398.38 vs. 220.1 pg/mL, p = 0.001). IL-6 values did not change significantly after exercise. S100A8/A9 reduction was positively correlated with body weight (r = 0.236 [0.095, 0.370], p = 0.002) and BMI (r = 0.221 [0.092, 0.346], p = 0.004). Direct stimulation of ASMCs with S100A8/A9 increased the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and, in the presence of sRAGEs, demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition. A 4-week military training resulted in significant reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and S100A8/A9 complex. The observed reduction in sRAGEs may possibly reflect diminished RAGE axis activation. Altogether, our findings support the anti-inflammatory properties of physical activity.

中文翻译：

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高级糖基化终产物 (sRAGEs) 及其配体 S100A8/A9 循环可溶性受体的差异调节在一组年轻陆军新兵的运动干预后四周

除了对心血管危险因素的有益作用外，运动的抗炎作用也受到强烈影响。然而，关于运动干预对健康个体的影响的数据有限且相互矛盾。本研究旨在研究体育活动干预对晚期糖基化终产物受体 (sRAGE) 及其配体 S100A8/A9 可溶形式的影响。共有 332 名年轻的军队新兵自愿参加，169 人完成了研究。参与者接受了希腊军队新兵的标准基础训练。在训练期开始和结束时测量 IL-6、IL-1β、S100A8/A9 和 sRAGE。分析了原代啮齿动物成年主动脉平滑肌细胞 (ASMC) 对单独使用 S100A8/A9 或与 sRAGE 组合直接刺激的反应性。p = 0.001)、IL-1β (9.39 [3.8, 44.14] vs. 5.03 [2.44, 27.3] vs. pg/mL, p = 0.001) 和 sRAGEs (398.38 vs. 220.1 pg/mL, p = 0.001)。运动后IL-6值没有明显变化。S100A8/A9 减少与体重 (r = 0.236 [0.095, 0.370], p = 0.002) 和 BMI (r = 0.221 [0.092, 0.346], p= 0.004)。用 S100A8/A9 直接刺激 ASMC 会增加 IL-6、IL-1β 和 TNF-α 的表达，并且在 sRAGE 存在下，表现出剂量依赖性抑制。为期 4 周的军事训练导致促炎细胞因子 IL-1β 和 S100A8/A9 复合物显着减少。观察到的 sRAGE 减少可能反映了 RAGE 轴激活减少。总之，我们的研究结果支持体育活动的抗炎特性。