As mobile networks (MNs) are advancing towards meeting mobile user requirements, the rural-urban divide still remains a major challenge. While areas within the urban space (metropolitan mobile space) are being developed, i.e., small Base Stations (BSs) empowered with computing capabilities are deployed to improve the delivery of user requirements, rural areas are left behind. Due to challenges of low population density, low income, difficult terrain, nonexistent infrastructure, and lack of power grid, remote areas have low digital penetration. This situation makes remote areas less attractive towards investments and to operate connectivity networks, thus failing to achieve universal access to the Internet. In addressing this issue, this paper proposes a new BS deployment and resource management method for remote and rural areas. Here, two MN operators share their resources towards the procurement and deployment of green energy-powered BSs equipped with computing capabilities. Then, the network infrastructure is shared between the mobile operators, with the main goal of enabling energy-efficient infrastructure sharing, i.e., BS and its colocated computing platform. Using this resource management strategy in rural communication sites guarantees a quality of service (QoS) comparable to that of urban communication sites. The performance evaluation conducted through simulations validates our analysis as the prediction variations observed show greater accuracy between the harvested energy and the traffic load. Also, the energy savings decrease as the number of mobile users (50 users in our case) connected to the remote site increases. Lastly, the proposed algorithm achieves 51% energy savings when compared with the 43% obtained by our benchmark algorithm. The proposed method demonstrates superior performance over the benchmark algorithm as it uses foresighted optimization where the harvested energy and the expected load are predicted over a given short-term horizon.

中文翻译：

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远程和农村连接：基础设施和资源共享原则

随着移动网络 (MN) 朝着满足移动用户需求的方向发展，城乡差距仍然是一个重大挑战。虽然正在开发城市空间（都市移动空间）内的区域，即部署具有计算能力的小型基站（BS）以改善用户需求的交付，但农村地区被抛在后面。由于人口密度低、收入低、地形困难、基础设施不存在、电网不足等挑战，偏远地区的数字渗透率较低。这种情况使得偏远地区对投资和运营连接网络的吸引力降低，从而无法实现互联网的普遍接入。针对这个问题，本文提出了一种针对偏远和农村地区的新基站部署和资源管理方法。这里，两个 MN 运营商共享他们的资源，用于采购和部署配备计算能力的绿色能源供电的 BS。然后，网络基础设施在移动运营商之间共享，主要目标是实现节能基础设施共享，即 BS 及其协同定位计算平台。在农村通信站点中使用这种资源管理策略可保证与城市通信站点相当的服务质量 (QoS)。通过模拟进行的性能评估验证了我们的分析，因为观察到的预测变化显示收集的能量和交通负载之间的准确性更高。此外，随着连接到远程站点的移动用户（在我们的案例中为 50 个用户）数量的增加，节能也会减少。最后，与我们的基准算法获得的 43% 相比，所提出的算法实现了 51% 的节能。所提出的方法展示了优于基准算法的性能，因为它使用有远见的优化，其中在给定的短期范围内预测收获的能量和预期负载。