Objective. The aims of this study are to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RFA in the treatment of benign thyroid nodule(s) and to find independent factors related to the volume reduction rate of the nodule(s). Materials and Methods. This short-term prospective study from a single medical center was conducted on 93 benign thyroid nodules in 93 patients treated with RFA. Two basic techniques were used: the trans-isthmic approach and moving-shot technique. Clinical and ultrasonography examinations were performed at 1- and 3-month follow-up after the treatment session. Primary outcomes included volume reduction ratio (VRR) at 1-month and 3-month follow-ups; secondary outcomes were therapeutic success rate and complications. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine independent factors associated with VRR. Results. A final sample of 78 patients with 78 nodules, given participant rate 83.8% (including 60 solid nodules, 16 predominantly cystic nodules, and 2 thyroid cysts), was followed up for 3 months. The mean volume reduction ratio was 41.47% and 64.72% after 1-month and 3-month follow-ups, respectively. The therapeutic success rate was 30.8% at 1-month and 84.6% at 3-month follow-ups. Symptom score and cosmetic score improved significantly. There was no change in thyroid function tests. Two minor complications (transient voice change) were found. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the internal component of the nodules significantly related to the VRR during the 3-month follow-up (β = 23.00; 95%CI (7.59–38.45)). Conclusion. RFA was demonstrated as a safe and effective option for benign thyroid nodules treatment. It can be used as an alternative treatment with encouraging results.

中文翻译：

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单次射频消融治疗良性甲状腺结节的疗效和安全性：一项短期前瞻性队列研究

客观。本研究的目的是评估射频消融治疗良性甲状腺结节的安全性和有效性，并寻找与结节减容率相关的独立因素。材料和方法. 这项来自单一医疗中心的短期前瞻性研究对 93 名接受 RFA 治疗的患者的 93 个良性甲状腺结节进行。使用了两种基本技术：跨峡方法和移动拍摄技术。治疗后 1 个月和 3 个月随访时进行临床和超声检查。主要结局包括 1 个月和 3 个月随访时的体积缩小率（VRR）；次要结果是治疗成功率和并发症。多元线性回归分析用于确定与 VRR 相关的独立因素。结果. 最终样本为 78 例患者，有 78 个结节，参与者率为 83.8%（包括 60 个实性结节、16 个主要囊性结节和 2 个甲状腺囊肿），随访 3 个月。随访 1 个月和 3 个月后，平均体积缩小率分别为 41.47% 和 64.72%。1个月的治疗成功率为30.8%，3个月的随访为84.6%。症状评分和美容评分显着提高。甲状腺功能检查没有变化。发现了两个轻微的并发症（短暂的声音变化）。多元线性回归分析显示，3个月随访期间结节内部成分与VRR显着相关（β  =23.00；95%CI（7.59-38.45））。结论. RFA被证明是治疗良性甲状腺结节的一种安全有效的选择。它可以用作替代疗法，效果令人鼓舞。