Abstract

Dietary herbs are used for imparting flavour, aroma, and piquancy to foods. Besides their role in improving food quality, spices also have health benefits, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, analgesic, immunostimulant, etc. Thymus vulgaris (family: Lamiaceae) is a valuable medicinal herb known for its health benefits. The essential oil from T. vulgaris was isolated by the hydrodistillation method, and chemical constituents in it were determined by GC-MS. Anticancer activity was determined using a DNA ladder assay, and antidiabetic activity was accessed by α-glucosidase inhibition. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 16 chemical constituents, and thymol (55.88 %), linalool (13.71 %), carvacrol (8.36 %), and p-cymene (6.00 %) were found as major components. The antidiabetic activity of T. vulgaris essential oil showed potent inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme with an IC₅₀ value 125.1±4.25 μg/mL. The anticancer activity results revealed that treating MCF-7 cells with 100 μg/mL essential oil of thyme produces DNA fragmentation and promotes apoptosis. The current study provides a scientific basis for its possible use in controlling diabetes and breast cancer. The study further expands the knowledge of T. vulgaris chemical composition and provides evidence of ethnomedicinal use of the plant by exploring antidiabetic and anticancer activities.

摘要

膳食草药用于赋予食物风味、香气和辛辣味。除了其在提高食品质量的作用，调味品也有健康的好处，如抗癌，抗糖尿病，抗微生物，抗氧化，降血脂，镇痛，免疫增强剂等，百里香（家庭：唇形科）是一种珍贵的药用植物为它的健康益处众所周知。从精油中T.寻常通过水蒸气蒸馏法分离，并在它的化学成分用GC-MS测定。使用 DNA 阶梯测定法确定抗癌活性，并通过 α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制获得抗糖尿病活性。GC-MS 分析显示存在 16 种化学成分，以及百里酚 (55.88%)、芳樟醇 (13.71%)、香芹酚 (8.36%) 和p发现 - 伞花烃 (6.00 %) 作为主要成分。T. vulgaris精油的抗糖尿病活性显示出对 α-葡萄糖苷酶的有效抑制，IC ₅₀值为 125.1±4.25 μg/mL。抗癌活性结果显示，用 100 μg/mL 百里香精油处理 MCF-7 细胞会产生 DNA 片段化并促进细胞凋亡。目前的研究为其可能用于控制糖尿病和乳腺癌提供了科学依据。该研究进一步扩展了对T. vulgaris化学成分的了解，并通过探索抗糖尿病和抗癌活性为该植物的民族药用提供了证据。