Stem Cell Reviews and Reports ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10252-5 Cong Li 1 , Shuqiang Wei 2 , Quanchen Xu 1 , Yu Sun 1 , Xuchao Ning 1 , Zhiguo Wang 3
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Scar is a common way of healing after tissue injury. The poor scar healing will not only cause dysfunction of tissues and organs but also affect the appearance of the patients’ body surface, which causes the pressure of life and spirit to the patients. However, the formation of scar tissue is an extremely complex process and its mechanism is not fully understood. At present, there is no treatment method to eliminate scars completely. Fibroblasts are the most abundant cells in the dermis, which have the ability to synthesize and remodel extracellular matrix (ECM). Myofibroblasts actively participate in the wound healing process and influence the outcome. Therefore, both of them play important roles in wound healing and scar formation. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are pluripotent stem cells that can act on target cells by paracrine. Adipose tissue stem cell-derived exosomes (ADSC-Exos) are important secretory substances of ADSCs. They are nanomembrane vesicles that can transport a variety of cellular components and fuse with target cells. In this review, we will discuss the effects of ADSCs and ADSC-Exos on the behavior of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts during wound healing and scarring stage in combination with recent studies.
Graphical Abstract
中文翻译：
ADSCs及其外泌体在预防疤痕中的应用
疤痕是组织损伤后常见的愈合方式。疤痕愈合不良不仅会导致组织器官功能障碍，还会影响患者体表的外观，给患者带来生命和精神上的压力。然而，瘢痕组织的形成是一个极其复杂的过程，其机制尚不完全清楚。目前还没有完全消除疤痕的治疗方法。成纤维细胞是真皮中最丰富的细胞，具有合成和重塑细胞外基质 (ECM) 的能力。肌成纤维细胞积极参与伤口愈合过程并影响结果。因此，它们都在伤口愈合和疤痕形成中发挥着重要作用。脂肪组织来源的干细胞 (ADSCs) 是多能干细胞，可以通过旁分泌作用于靶细胞。脂肪组织干细胞来源的外泌体（ADSC-Exos）是ADSCs的重要分泌物质。它们是纳米膜囊泡，可以运输多种细胞成分并与靶细胞融合。在这篇综述中，我们将结合最近的研究，讨论 ADSCs 和 ADSC-Exos 在伤口愈合和瘢痕形成阶段对成纤维细胞和肌成纤维细胞行为的影响。
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